0001581760-25-000008 | 10-K | XBRL Viewer

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Balance Sheet Components - Intangible Assets, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross	$ 68,176	$ 63,516
Accumulated Amortization	(27,602)	(18,075)
Total future amortization expense	40,574	45,441
Trade name
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross	23,380	23,380
Accumulated Amortization	(7,100)	(4,762)
Total future amortization expense	16,280	18,618
Technology
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross	22,430	22,430
Accumulated Amortization	(13,677)	(9,191)
Total future amortization expense	8,753	13,239
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross	15,290	15,290
Accumulated Amortization	(5,668)	(3,782)
Total future amortization expense	9,622	11,508
Internal use software
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross	7,076	2,416
Accumulated Amortization	(1,157)	(340)
Total future amortization expense	$ 5,919	$ 2,076

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

Nature of Business (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands		1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Jun. 06, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Underwriting discounts and commissions			$ 6,292	$ 0	$ 0
Expenses paid on behalf of selling stockholders	$ 5,500
Common stock, authorized (in shares)			500,000,000	100,000,000
U.S. IPO
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)	3,703,704	3,703,704
Sale of stock, price (in usd per share)	$ 27.00
Proceeds before issuance costs	$ 93,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions	$ 7,000
U.S. IPO \| Selling Securityholders
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)	2,908,796
Over-Allotment Option
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)	862,500

Net Loss Per Share (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Computation of basic and diluted net loss per share

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share data):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Numerator:
Net loss	$	(4,555)	$	(28,171)	$	(91,629)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic	72,125,571		66,748,542		62,209,545
Net loss per share, basic	$	(0.06)	$	(0.42)	$	(1.47)


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Numerator:
Net loss	$	(4,555)	$	(28,171)	$	(91,629)
(Gain)/loss attributable to September 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		(1,786)
(Gain)/loss attributable to July 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		(1,295)
Interest attributable to July 2021 and September 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		515
Adjusted net loss for diluted earnings per share	(4,555)		(28,171)		(94,195)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic	72,125,571		66,748,542		62,209,545
Effect of dilutive securities:
September 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		453,626
July 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		176,422
Adjusted weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, diluted	72,125,571		66,748,542		62,839,593
Net loss per share, diluted	$	(0.06)	$	(0.42)	$	(1.50)

Antidilutive common shares excluded from computation

The potential shares of common stock that were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for the periods presented because including them would have been antidilutive are as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024	2023	2022

Issuances under stock incentive plan, stock options	5,673,947	6,625,812	8,180,840
Issuances upon exercise of common stock warrants	7,761	137,658	137,658
Issuances upon vesting of restricted stock units	5,091,601	6,182,543	6,779,892
Issuances upon conversion of convertible notes	—	325,981	—
Total	10,773,309	13,271,994	15,098,390

Segment and Geographic Revenue

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Segment and Geographic Revenue

3. Segment and Geographic Revenue

The Company operates as one operating segment. Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which separate financial information is regularly evaluated by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”), which is the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, in deciding how to allocate resources and assess performance. The Company’s CODM evaluates financial information and resources and assesses the performance of these resources on a consolidated basis. There is no expense or asset information that is supplemental to information disclosed within the consolidated financial statements, that is regularly provided to the CODM. The allocation of resources and assessment of performance of the operating segment is based on consolidated net loss and functional expenses as reported on our consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Because the Company operates as one operating segment, financial segment information, including expense and asset information, can be found in the consolidated financial statements. All material long-lived assets are based in the United States.

Revenue by geography is generally based on the address of the customer as defined in the contract with the customer. The following table sets forth revenue by geographic region (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

North America	$	325,787	$	272,727	$	207,746
Europe, Middle East and Africa	27,322		19,159		12,044
Other international regions	18,375		12,632		8,515
Total revenue	$	371,484	$	304,518	$	228,305

The Company’s revenues in the United States were $318.6 million, or 86%, of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2024, $258.5 million, or 85%, of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2023, and $205.2 million, or 90% of total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2022.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.

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+ Details

Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 159,238,000	$ 68,964,000
Accounts receivable, net (including related party receivables of $55 and $0, respectively)	57,997,000	42,180,000
Inventory	8,057,000	4,099,000
Costs capitalized to obtain contracts, net	1,098,000	1,010,000
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	14,599,000	15,174,000
Total current assets	240,989,000	131,427,000
Restricted cash, noncurrent	1,221,000	1,749,000
Property and equipment, net	1,779,000	730,000
Costs capitalized to obtain contracts, noncurrent	1,049,000	834,000
Prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent	21,611,000	6,848,000
Operating lease right-of-use asset	683,000	1,014,000
Intangible assets, net	40,574,000	45,441,000
Goodwill	133,674,000	133,674,000
Total Assets	441,580,000	321,717,000
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	5,463,000	5,896,000
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	32,015,000	27,538,000
Convertible notes, current	0	3,449,000
Deferred revenue, current	39,860,000	33,932,000
Total current liabilities	77,338,000	70,815,000
Convertible notes, noncurrent	0	1,056,000
Derivative liability, noncurrent	0	217,000
Deferred revenue, noncurrent	5,338,000	1,842,000
Other liabilities, noncurrent	359,000	723,000
Total Liabilities	83,035,000	74,653,000
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 10)
Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock, $0.001 par value; 500,000,000 and 100,000,000 shares authorized as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; 75,404,996 and 68,155,830 issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively	75,000	70,000
Additional paid-in capital	648,124,000	532,128,000
Accumulated deficit	(289,698,000)	(285,143,000)
Accumulated other comprehensive income	44,000	9,000
Total stockholders’ equity	358,545,000	247,064,000
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$ 441,580,000	$ 321,717,000

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Notes Due from Affiliates	Accumulated Deficit	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021		60,221,799
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	$ 250,045	$ 61	$ 416,278	$ (951)	$ (165,343)	$ 0
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of stock options (in shares)		458,422
Exercise of stock options	2,394	$ 1	2,393
Exercise of warrants (in shares)		87,795
Exercise of warrants	1		1
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		762,488
Vesting of restricted stock units	0	$ 1	(1)
Taxes paid related to net settlement of equity awards	(4,077)		(4,077)
Issuance of common stock in connection with an acquisition (in shares)		763,183
Issuance of common stock in connection with an acquisition	15,409	$ 1	15,408
Issuance of common stock net of issuance costs (in shares)		2,645,503
Issuance of common stock net of issuance costs	32,215	$ 3	32,212
Repayment of notes due from affiliate	1,296		648	648
Issuance of common stock in settlement of contingent consideration (in shares)		376,573
Issuance of common stock in settlement of contingent consideration	4,221		4,221
Stock-based compensation expense	34,680		34,680
Interest accrued relating to notes due from affiliates	(11)			(11)
Cancellation of revesting stock (in shares)		(75,920)
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	(6)					(6)
Net loss	(91,629)				(91,629)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		65,239,843
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022	244,538	$ 67	501,763	(314)	(256,972)	(6)
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of stock options (in shares)		935,007
Exercise of stock options	5,811	$ 1	5,810
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		1,980,980
Vesting of restricted stock units	0	$ 2	(2)
Taxes paid related to net settlement of equity awards	(14,033)		(14,033)
Repayment of notes due from affiliate	352		78	274
Stock-based compensation expense	38,512		38,512
Interest accrued relating to notes due from affiliates	40			40
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	15					15
Net loss	$ (28,171)				(28,171)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2023	68,155,830	68,155,830
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2023	$ 247,064	$ 70	532,128	0	(285,143)	9
Increase (Decrease) in Stockholders' Equity [Roll Forward]
Exercise of stock options (in shares)	758,101	758,101
Exercise of stock options	$ 5,780		5,780
Exercise of warrants (in shares)		129,897
Exercise of warrants	1,149		1,149
Vesting of restricted stock units (in shares)		2,315,587
Vesting of restricted stock units	1	$ 2	(1)
Taxes paid related to net settlement of equity awards	(26,370)		(26,370)
Issuance of common stock net of issuance costs (in shares)		3,703,704
Issuance of common stock net of issuance costs	86,707	$ 3	86,704
Stock-based compensation expense	42,983		42,983
Settlement of convertible notes (in shares)		341,877
Settlement of convertible notes	5,751		5,751
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	35					35
Net loss	$ (4,555)				(4,555)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2024	75,404,996	75,404,996
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2024	$ 358,545	$ 75	$ 648,124	$ 0	$ (289,698)	$ 44

Insider Trading Policies and Procedures	12 Months Ended
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures	Dec. 31, 2024
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]
Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted	true

Convertible Notes - Current and Non-Current (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Convertible notes, current:	$ 0	$ 3,449,000
Convertible notes, noncurrent:	0	1,056,000
Total convertible notes	0	4,505,000
September 2021 Convertible Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Convertible notes, current:	0	3,449,000
July 2021 Convertible Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Convertible notes, noncurrent:	$ 0	$ 1,056,000

- Definition

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-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1D

Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 835
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
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-Publisher FASB
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Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef
-Topic 835
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-Paragraph 1
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482900/835-30-50-1

+ Details

Commitments and Contingencies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Commitments and Contingencies

10. Commitments and Contingencies

Purchase Commitments

The Company has contractual commitments with our cloud platform provider and contract manufacturer that are non-cancellable. As of December 31, 2024, future non-cancellable commitments under these arrangements were as follows (in thousands):


	Amount
2025	29,894
2026	25,500
2027	26,000


Total purchase commitments	$	81,394

Contingencies

From time to time, the Company may have certain contingent liabilities that arise in the ordinary course of business activities. The Company accrues a liability for such matters when it is probable that future expenditures will be made, and such expenditures can be reasonably estimated. The Company is not subject to any current pending legal matters or claims that the Company believes could have a material adverse effect on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Indemnification

The Company enters into standard indemnification agreements in the ordinary course of business. Pursuant to these arrangements, the Company indemnifies, holds harmless, and agrees to reimburse the indemnified parties for losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, in connection with any trade secret, copyright, patent or other intellectual property infringement claim by any third party with respect to its technology. The term of these indemnification agreements is generally perpetual after the execution of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments the Company could be required to make under these agreements is not determinable because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future but have not yet been made. The Company has not incurred costs to defend lawsuits or settle claims related to these indemnification agreements.

The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and officers that may require the Company to indemnify its directors and officers against liabilities that may arise by reason of their status or service as directors or officers, other than liabilities arising from willful misconduct of the individual. No amounts associated with such indemnifications have been recorded to date.

Litigation

Occasionally, the Company is involved in various legal proceedings, claims and government investigations in the ordinary course of business. The outcome of litigation and other legal matters is inherently uncertain, though the Company intends to vigorously defend the matters. In making a determination regarding accruals, using available information, the Company evaluates the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome in legal or regulatory proceedings to which the Company is a party and records a loss contingency when it is probable a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. When the Company determines an unfavorable outcome is not probable or reasonably estimable the Company does not accrue for any potential litigation loss. Actual outcomes of these legal and regulatory proceedings may materially differ from the Company’s estimates.

On March 12, 2019, a former alleged competitor of Tile, Cellwitch, Inc, filed a patent infringement claim against Tile in the U.S. District Court, Northern District of California, seeking permanent injunction and damages. On December 18, 2019, Tile filed an inter partes review petition with the Patent Trial and Appeal Board (“PTAB”) challenging the validity of the patent. On May 13, 2021, the PTAB issued a Final Written Decision on Tile’s inter partes review petition (the “Final Written Decision”), finding a majority of the claims invalid. The Final Written Decision was affirmed by the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit on May 13, 2022. The case is currently in trial court, with trial scheduled to begin on July 14, 2025. At this time, a loss is reasonably possible but not estimable, and as a result no legal accrual has been recorded on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024.

On August 14, 2023, plaintiffs Stephanie Ireland-Gordy and Shannon Ireland-Gordy filed a putative class action lawsuit against Tile, Life360, and Amazon.com, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. An amended complaint was filed on April 26, 2024, adding named plaintiffs Melissa Broad and Jane Doe. Plaintiffs allege that Tile trackers were used by third parties to monitor their movements without their consent, and assert product liability and other claims. At this time, a loss is not probable nor estimable, and as a result, no legal accrual has been recorded on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024.

No litigation reserve was recorded on our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

Fair Value Measurements - Change in Fair Value of Convertible Notes and Contingent Liability (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative Liability
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Fair value, beginning of the year	$ 217	$ 101
Changes in fair value	1,707	116
Gain on settlement	(1,924)
Fair value, end of period	0	217
Convertible Notes
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Fair value, beginning of the year	3,449	6,938
Vesting of revesting notes		72
Changes in fair value	608	684
Gain/loss related to write-off of derivative liability upon conversion	(3,548)	(3,919)
Gain on settlement	(509)
Fair value, end of period	$ 0	3,449
Convertible Notes \| Convertible Debt, Revesting Notes
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Calculation [Roll Forward]
Forfeiture of revesting notes		$ (326)

Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Income Taxes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Net operating losses in the United States	$ 5,500
Net operating income internationally	900
Income tax provision (benefit), change in valuation allowance from business combinations	(100)	$ 600	$ 100
Increase in valuation allowance	12,900	4,500
Unrecognized tax benefits	12,032	$ 12,059	$ 11,091
Federal
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	219,500
Net operating loss carryforwards, not subject to expiration	145,600
Research and development credit carryforwards	15,500
State
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Net operating loss carryforwards	121,500
Research and development credit carryforwards	14,700
Canada
Operating Loss Carryforwards [Line Items]
Research and development credit carryforwards	$ 200

Insider Trading Arrangements

3 Months Ended

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Material Terms of Trading Arrangement

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans

Our officers, as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act (“Section 16 Officers”), may from time to time enter into plans for the purchase or sale of our common stock that are intended to satisfy the affirmative defense in Rule 10b5-1(c) of the Exchange Act. During the three months ended December 31, 2024, the following Section 16 Officers adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” as defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K of the Exchange Act:

Name

Title

Action

Adoption Date

Expiration Date

Total number of securities to be sold

Russell Burke

Chief Financial Officer

Adoption

09/06/2024

07/28/2025

Up to 49,590 shares

Lauren Antonoff

Chief Operating Officer

Adoption

11/27/2024

12/01/2025

Up to 55,005 shares

Susan Stick

General Counsel

Adoption

11/27/2024

12/01/2025

Up to 55,005 shares

John Philip Coghlan

Chair of the Board of Directors

Adoption

12/06/2024

12/05/2025

Up to 31,250 shares

Additionally, on November 15, 2024, Chris Hulls, our Chief Executive Officer, terminated his 10b5-1 trading plan. Mr. Hulls’ 10b5-1 trading plan was originally adopted on September 12, 2024 and was designed to be in effect until August 31, 2025. The aggregate number of shares of common stock to be sold pursuant to Mr. Hulls’ 10b5-1 trading plan was 219,000.

Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted

false

Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated

false

Lauren Antonoff [Member]

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Name

Lauren Antonoff

Title

Chief Operating Officer

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted

true

11/27/2024

12/01/2025

369 days

55,005

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Name

Susan Stick

Title

General Counsel

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted

true

11/27/2024

12/01/2025

369 days

55,005

John Philip Coghlan [Member]

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Name

John Philip Coghlan

Title

Chair of the Board of Directors

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted

true

12/06/2024

12/05/2025

364 days

31,250

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Name

Chris Hulls

Title

Chief Executive Officer

Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated

true

Termination Date

November 15, 2024

Aggregate Available

219,000

Russell Burke [Member]

Trading Arrangements, by Individual

Arrangement Duration

325 days

Equity Incentive Plan - Narrative (Details)			1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Equity Incentive Plan - Narrative (Details)	Mar. 31, 2022 shares	Jan. 05, 2022 USD ($) shares	Apr. 30, 2023 shares	Jan. 31, 2022 USD ($) shares	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) metric $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) $ / shares shares	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) $ / shares shares
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Reserved shares of common stock (in shares)					23,588,338	30,154,209
Options granted (in shares)					0	0
Options granted (in usd per share) \| $ / shares					$ 0		$ 8.33
Intrinsic value (in usd per share) \| $ / shares					$ 41.27	$ 15.46	$ 9.94
Options exercised, intrinsic value \| $					$ 18,200,000	$ 7,700,000	$ 4,100,000
Capitalized stock-based compensation expense \| $					$ 700,000	$ 0	$ 0
Tile
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation (in shares)		1,499,349
Awards forfeited (in shares)	787,446
Consideration, indemnity escrow (in shares)		84,524
Consideration, indemnity escrow, term		15 months
Transaction related expenses \| $		$ 1,700,000
Indemnity escrow shares released (in shares)			84,524
Shares reserved for shares available to be granted but not granted yet
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Reserved shares of common stock (in shares)					12,815,029	16,882,215
Stock options
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period					10 years
Vesting period					4 years
Unrecognized compensation expense, stock options \| $					$ 2,100,000
Unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition					1 year 1 month 6 days
Expected dividend rate							0.00%
Stock options \| Tile
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation (in shares)		38,730
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation \| $		$ 400,000
Stock options \| Tranche one
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period					1 year
Vesting percentage					25.00%
Options, 10% stockholders
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period					5 years
Options, other than 10% stockholders
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period					10 years
Restricted stock units
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition					2 years 9 months 18 days
RSU granted (in shares)					2,572,091
Unrecognized compensation expense, other awards \| $					$ 86,600,000
RSU granted (in usd per share) \| $ / shares					$ 27.36	$ 13.15	$ 12.13
Award vested, fair value \| $					$ 101,000,000.0	$ 39,200,000	$ 12,000,000.0
Awards forfeited (in shares)					467,871
Restricted stock units \| Tile
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition					1 year	1 year 10 months 24 days
Unrecognized compensation expense, other awards \| $					$ 300,000	$ 700,000
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation (in shares)		1,499,349		1,499,349	711,903
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation \| $		$ 29,600,000		$ 29,600,000
Restricted stock units \| Tile \| Minimum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period					2 years
Restricted stock units \| Tile \| Maximum
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period					4 years
Performance shares
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period					4 years
RSU granted (in shares)					115,403	0	0
Performance period					1 year
Performance target percentage					200.00%
Number of performance metrics \| metric					2
Performance goal metric percentage					50.00%
Achieved performance target (as a percent)					135.00%
Performance shares \| Tile
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		2 years		2 years
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation (in shares)		787,446		787,446
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation \| $		$ 15,600,000		$ 15,600,000
Performance shares \| Tranche one
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting percentage					25.00%
Performance shares \| Tranche two
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting percentage					6.25%
Restricted stock \| Tile
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Unrecognized compensation expense, period for recognition						6 months
Restricted stock \| Tile \| Tile Shareholders
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Purchase consideration (in shares)		694,672
Purchase consideration \| $		$ 13,700,000
Restricted stock \| Tile \| Key Employee
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period		30 months
Purchase consideration (in shares)		1,561
Purchase consideration \| $		$ 30,800
Terminated stock options
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expiration period					3 months

Commitments and Contingencies (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
2025	$ 29,894
2026	25,500
2027	26,000
Total purchase commitments	$ 81,394

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)		1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
	Jan. 12, 2023	Dec. 31, 2024	Jan. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Investment warrants		$ 19,762,000		$ 19,762,000	$ 5,474,000
Revenue				$ 371,484,000	304,518,000	$ 228,305,000
Product warranty term (up to)		12 months		12 months
Subscription warranty term (up to)				3 years
Remaining performance obligation, amount		$ 213,900,000		$ 213,900,000
Remaining performance obligation, percentage		35.00%		35.00%
Allowance for credit losses		$ 400,000		$ 400,000	100,000
Provision for credit losses				300,000	0	0
Advertising expense				23,800,000	28,600,000	17,000,000
Restricted cash, noncurrent		1,221,000		1,221,000	1,749,000	1,647,000
Impairment expense related to ROU assets				0	0	0
Percent reduction in workforce	14.00%
Restructuring charges				153,000	4,024,000
Impairment of goodwill				0	0	0
Impairment of intangible assets				0	0	0
Impairment of long-lived assets				0	0	0
Gain on change in fair value of investment				5,389,000	0	0
Payment for investment in related party SAFE				5,000,000	0	0
Data Revenue Partner
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Partnership agreement term			5 years
Investment in warrants (in shares)			5,100,167
Investment in warrants, exercise price (in usd per share)			$ 4.90
Investment warrants		$ 10,900,000	$ 5,400,000	10,900,000	5,500,000
Gain on change in fair value of investment				$ 5,400,000
Related Party
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Investment in warrants (in shares)		6,147,574		6,147,574
Investment in warrants, exercise price (in usd per share)		$ 0.46		$ 0.46
Payment term		30 days		30 days
Investment warrants		$ 3,900,000		$ 3,900,000
Payment for investment in related party SAFE		5,000,000.0
Investment, related party SAFE		$ 5,000,000.0		$ 5,000,000.0
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-01-01
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction		12 months		12 months
Minimum
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Capitalized contract costs, amortization period		2 years		2 years
Service period				3 years
Maximum
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Capitalized contract costs, amortization period		3 years		3 years
Service period				4 years
Data
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue				$ 26,600,000	21,600,000	23,200,000
Partnership
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Revenue				$ 9,400,000	$ 3,900,000	$ 3,900,000

Balance Sheet Components - Intangible Assets Remaining Amortization Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
2025	$ 10,670
2026	10,227
2027	5,511
2028	4,225
2029	4,225
Thereafter	4,779
Total future amortization expense	39,637
Internal use software not yet in service	937
Total future amortization expense	$ 40,574	$ 45,441

Balance Sheet Components- Accounts Receivable, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accounts receivable	$ 58,391	$ 42,274
Allowance for credit losses	(394)	(94)
Total accounts receivable, net	$ 57,997	$ 42,180

Deferred Revenue - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Revenue recognized	$ 33.9	$ 30.1

Business Combinations - Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Jan. 05, 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Goodwill	$ 133,674	$ 133,674
Tile
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Cash			$ 32,997
Restricted cash			1,050
Accounts receivable			27,826
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			5,004
Inventory			8,320
Property and equipment			570
Prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent			482
Intangible assets			52,700
Goodwill			102,547
Accounts payable			(23,197)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities			(24,613)
Deferred revenue			(10,203)
Total acquisition consideration			$ 173,483

Nature of Business	12 Months Ended
Nature of Business	Dec. 31, 2024
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Nature of Business	1. Nature of Business Life360, Inc. (the “Company”) is a leading technology platform connecting millions of people throughout the world to the people, pets and things they care about most. The Company has created a new category at the intersection of family, technology, and safety to help keep families connected and safe. The Company’s core offering, the Life360 mobile application, includes features like communications, driving safety, digital safety and location sharing. Beyond the everyday, Life360 also provides much-needed protection and saves lives, which is crucial for families in emergency situations such as natural disasters, vehicle collisions, physical property theft, and digital identity theft. The Life360 mobile application operates under a “freemium” model where its core offering is available to members at no charge, with additional membership subscription options that are available but not required. In addition to the Life360 mobile application, the Company also offers hardware tracking devices through the sale of Tile, Inc. (“Tile”) and Jio, Inc. (“Jiobit”) products to keep members close to the people, pets and things they care about most. The Company’s suite of product and service offerings, including the Life360 and Tile mobile applications, and related third-party services, is system and platform-agnostic, allowing its products and services to work seamlessly for its members, regardless of the devices they use. U.S. Initial Public Offering (“U.S. IPO”) On June 6, 2024, the Company completed its U.S. IPO and began trading on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the trading symbol “LIF”. The Company issued and sold 3,703,704 shares of common stock and certain selling securityholders sold 2,908,796 shares of common stock (including 862,500 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase additional shares) in each case at an offering price of $27.00 per share. The Company received net proceeds of $93.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $7.0 million. An additional $5.5 million of expenses were paid on behalf of selling securityholders. Refer to Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions" for further details. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of common stock by the selling securityholders. In connection with the U.S. IPO, the Company restated its certificate of incorporation to increase the authorized number of shares of its common stock from 100,000,000 shares to 500,000,000 shares.

Balance Sheet Components - Inventory (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Raw materials	$ 24,000	$ 298,000
Finished goods	8,033,000	3,801,000
Total inventory	8,057,000	4,099,000
Inventory write-off	$ 0	$ 916,000	$ 0

Common Stock

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Common Stock

11. Common Stock

In June 2024, in connection with its U.S. IPO, the Company issued a total of 3,703,704 shares of common stock.

The Company has reserved shares of common stock, on an as if converted basis, for issuance as follows:


	As of December 31,
	2024	2023

Issuances under stock incentive plan, stock options	5,673,947	6,625,812
Issuances upon exercise of common stock warrants	7,761	137,658
Issuances upon vesting of restricted stock units	5,091,601	6,182,543
Issuances upon conversion of convertible notes	—	325,981
Shares reserved for shares available to be granted but not granted yet	12,815,029	16,882,215
	23,588,338	30,154,209

- Definition

The entire disclosure for equity.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 13
-Subparagraph (h)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 505
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 14
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (a)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 235
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 2
-Subparagraph (d)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2

Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 946
-SubTopic 505
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Hardware \| Related Party
Revenues	$ 55	$ 0	$ 0

- Definition

Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).

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+ Details

Equity Incentive Plan - Stock Option Activity (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Number of Shares Underlying Outstanding Options
Balance (in shares)	6,625,812
Options granted (in shares)	0	0
Options exercised (in shares)	(758,101)
Options cancelled/forfeited (in shares)	(193,764)
Balance (in shares)	5,673,947	6,625,812
Exercisable (in shares)	5,296,299
Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share
Balance (in usd per share)	$ 6.57
Options granted (in usd per share)	0		$ 8.33
Options exercised (in usd per share)	7.62
Options cancelled/forfeited (in usd per share)	14.54
Balance (in usd per share)	6.16	$ 6.57
Exercisable (in usd per share)	$ 5.72
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life, Balance	3 years 10 months 20 days	4 years 8 months 4 days
Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life, Exercisable	3 years 9 months 25 days
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Balance	$ 199,239	$ 59,957
Aggregate Intrinsic Value, Exercisable	$ 188,261

Related-Party Transactions

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Related-Party Transactions

15. Related-Party Transactions

Hubble Transactions

In November and December 2024, the Company entered into a strategic partnership and series of transactions with Hubble Network, Inc. (“Hubble”), including (i) a technology exclusivity and revenue share agreement (“Hubble Agreement”), (ii) a Hubble SAFE investment (“Related Party SAFE”); and (iii) Hubble’s issuance of a warrant to purchase common stock (“Related Party Warrant”). The Hubble Agreement has an initial term of 5 years beginning on November 12, 2024.

As part of this partnership, the Company will leverage Hubble’s global satellite infrastructure to introduce a new global location-tracking network service offering. The partnership agreement includes revenue-share payments in which Hubble will pay the Company a percentage of revenue earned from leveraging the new global location-tracking network service offering. Refer to Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for additional information. As of December 31, 2024, the Company earned no net revenue from the revenue share arrangement. The partnership also allows Hubble to purchase Tile hardware devices at a price equal to the Company’s burdened cost of goods sold plus 12.5%. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized $0.1 million in hardware revenue from sales to Hubble, which is also included in accounts receivable, net, as of year-end on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

Alex Haro, the founder, and Chief Executive Officer of Hubble is a co-founder, former executive, and existing member of the Company’s Board of Directors. In addition, as part of the agreement, the Company obtained an observer right to Hubble’s Board of Directors. As a result, all transactions with Hubble entered into in connection with the strategic partnership are considered related party transactions.

Payments made on behalf of Related Parties in connection with the U.S. IPO

On June 6, 2024, in connection with its U.S. IPO, the Company issued and sold 3,703,704 shares of common stock and certain selling securityholders including members of the Company’s board of directors, executive officers, non-executive employees, and other stockholders of the Company, sold 2,908,796 shares of common stock (including 862,500 shares sold pursuant to the underwriters’ full exercise of their option to purchase additional shares) in each case at an offering price of $27.00 per share. The Company received net proceeds of $93.0 million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of $7.0 million. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of shares of common stock by the selling securityholders. The Company paid the underwriting discounts and commissions in connection with the sale of shares of common stock by the selling securityholders. A summary of the expenses paid on behalf of the selling securityholders is detailed below (in millions):


	Year Ended December 31, 2024
Executive Officers(1)	$	0.9
Board of Directors	3.9
Non-Executive Employees	0.1
Other	0.6
Total	$	5.5

(1) Includes $0.7 million in expenses paid on behalf of a securityholder who is both an executive officer and member of the board of directors.

The $5.5 million in total fees paid have been recorded within Other income (expense), net on the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2024.

For additional details regarding this transaction, refer to the prospectus supplement filed with the SEC on June 6, 2024 as well as the registration statement on Form S-3 (File No. 333-279271) filed with the SEC on May 9, 2024, of which the prospectus supplement forms a part.

Other Related Party Transactions

Non-executive director, James Synge, is a Principal and Partner of Carthona Capital. During the year ended December 31, 2022, Carthona Capital received consideration of $0.1 million for consultancy services to the Company in relation to capital raising matters. No similar payments were made for the years ended December 31, 2024 or 2023.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for related party transactions. Examples of related party transactions include transactions between (a) a parent company and its subsidiary; (b) subsidiaries of a common parent; (c) and entity and its principal owners; and (d) affiliates.

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+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Total revenue	$ 371,484	$ 304,518	$ 228,305
Total cost of revenue	92,327	81,881	79,707
Gross profit	279,157	222,637	148,598
Operating expenses:
Research and development	113,071	100,965	102,480
Sales and marketing	113,350	99,072	92,419
General and administrative	60,712	52,583	48,110
Total operating expenses	287,133	252,620	243,009
Loss from operations	(7,976)	(29,983)	(94,411)
Other income (expense):
Convertible notes fair value adjustment	(608)	(684)	1,786
Derivative liability fair value adjustment	(1,707)	(116)	1,295
Loss on settlement of convertible notes	(440)	0	0
Gain on settlement of derivative liability	1,924	0	0
Gain on change in fair value of investment	5,389	0	0
Other income (expense), net	(1,208)	3,228	13
Total other income (expense), net	3,350	2,428	3,094
Loss before income taxes	(4,626)	(27,555)	(91,317)
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes	(71)	616	312
Net loss	$ (4,555)	$ (28,171)	$ (91,629)
Net loss per share, basic (in usd per share)	$ (0.06)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.47)
Net loss per share, diluted (in usd per share)	$ (0.06)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.50)
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic (in shares)	72,125,571	66,748,542	62,209,545
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, diluted (in shares)	72,125,571	66,748,542	62,839,593
Comprehensive loss
Net loss	$ (4,555)	$ (28,171)	$ (91,629)
Change in foreign currency translation adjustment	35	15	(6)
Total comprehensive loss	(4,520)	(28,156)	(91,635)
Subscription
Total revenue	277,845	220,794	153,287
Total cost of revenue	41,014	30,975	30,659
Hardware
Total revenue	57,589	58,178	47,884
Total cost of revenue	47,225	47,384	45,441
Other
Total revenue	36,050	25,546	27,134
Total cost of revenue	$ 4,088	$ 3,522	$ 3,607

Balance Sheet Components

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Balance Sheet Components

7. Balance Sheet Components

Accounts receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Accounts receivable	$	58,391	$	42,274
Allowance for credit losses	(394)		(94)
Total accounts receivable, net	$	57,997	$	42,180

Accounts receivable, net is presented net of the allowance for credit losses, which represents management’s estimate of expected credit losses based on historical trends, current economic conditions, and other relevant factors as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Inventory

Inventory consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Raw materials	$	24	$	298
Finished goods	8,033		3,801
Total inventory	$	8,057	$	4,099

There were no inventory write-offs recorded for the year ended December 31, 2024. The Company recorded a raw materials inventory write-off of $0.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2023. The write-off resulted from a decision made to discontinue a product line in the Company’s product roadmap where the raw materials had no alternative use. There were no inventory write-offs recorded for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Prepaid expenses	$	11,074	$	14,520
Other receivables	3,525		654
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	14,599	$	15,174

Prepaid expenses primarily consist of certain cloud platforms, customer service program costs, prepaid insurance and inventory. Other receivables primarily consist of income tax benefits, refunds owed to the Company, and other amounts which the Company is expected to receive in less than twelve months.

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Computer equipment	$	297	$	297
Leasehold improvements	101		100
Production manufacturing equipment	2,026		839
Construction in progress	362		249
Furniture and fixtures	29		29
Total property and equipment, gross	2,815		1,514
Less: accumulated depreciation	(1,036)		(784)
Total property and equipment, net	$	1,779	$	730

Construction in progress relates to certain costs incurred with production manufacturing equipment.

Depreciation expense was $0.3 million, $0.1 million, and $0.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets, noncurrent

Prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Prepaid expenses, noncurrent	$	1,849	$	1,374
Investments	19,762		5,474

Total prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent	$	21,611	$	6,848

Prepaid expenses, noncurrent primarily consist of cloud platform costs. Investments relate to the Data Revenue Partner Warrant, the Related Party Warrant, and the Related Party SAFE. Refer to Note 2, "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for additional information.

Leases

The Company leases office space under a non-cancelable operating lease with a remaining lease term of up to 1.9 years, which includes the option to extend the lease.

The Company did not have any finance leases as of December 31, 2024 or December 31, 2023

Operating lease costs were as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Operating lease cost (1)	$	452	$	924	$	2,345

(1) Amounts include short-term leases, which are immaterial.

For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, payments for operating leases included in cash from operating activities were $0.4 million, $0.9 million and $2.4 million, respectively.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows (in thousands, except lease term):


	As of December 31,		As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Operating lease right-of-use asset	$	683	$	1,014
Operating lease liability, current (included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities)	364		335
Operating lease liability, noncurrent (included in other liabilities, noncurrent)	359		723
Weighted-average remaining term for operating lease (in years)	1.9		2.9

The weighted-average discount rate used to measure the present value of the operating lease liabilities was 5.0%.

Maturities of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024, were as follows (in thousands):


	Operating leases
2025	$	390
2026	367



Total future minimum lease payments	757
Less imputed interest	(34)
Total operating lease liability	$	723

Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2024
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Trade name	$	23,380	$	(7,100)	$	16,280
Technology	22,430		(13,677)		8,753
Customer relationships	15,290		(5,668)		9,622
Internal use software	7,076		(1,157)		5,919
Total	$	68,176	$	(27,602)	$	40,574


	As of December 31, 2023
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Trade name	$	23,380	$	(4,762)	$	18,618
Technology	22,430		(9,191)		13,239
Customer relationships	15,290		(3,782)		11,508
Internal use software	2,416		(340)		2,076
Total	$	63,516	$	(18,075)	$	45,441

For the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 the Company capitalized $4.7 million and $1.7 million, respectively, in internal use software.

For the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 amortization expense was $9.5 million, $9.0 million, and $8.7 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2024, estimated remaining amortization expense for intangible assets by fiscal year is as follows (in thousands):


	Amount


2025	$	10,670
2026	10,227
2027	5,511
2028	4,225
2029	4,225
Thereafter	4,779
Total future amortization expense	39,637
Internal use software not yet in service	937
Total future amortization expense	$	40,574

The weighted-average remaining useful lives of the Company’s acquired intangible assets are as follows:


	Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life
	As of December 31,
	2024	2023

Trade name	7.0 years	8.0 years
Technology	1.9 years	2.9 years
Customer relationships	5.1 years	6.1 years
Internal use software	2.6 years	3.6 years

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had $0.9 million of capitalized internal use software projects that were not yet in service. These projects have been excluded from the weighted-average remaining useful life calculation for internal use software in the table above.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

Accrued expenses and other liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Accrued vendor expenses	$	13,856	$	10,020
Accrued compensation	3,834		3,349
Customer related promotions and discounts	9,761		9,049

Sales return reserves	2,817		3,285
Other current liabilities	1,747		1,835
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	32,015	$	27,538

As of December 31, 2024, other current liabilities primarily relate to the Company’s operating lease liability and sales tax payable. As of December 31, 2023, other current liabilities primarily relate to the operating lease liability, warranty liabilities related to the Company’s hardware tracking devices, and inventory received not yet billed.

Fair Value Measurements - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Derivative Liability
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Gain (loss) for change in fair value of derivative liability	$ (1,707)	$ (116)
Gain on settlement	1,924
Convertible Notes
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Gain (loss) for change in fair value of derivative liability	(608)	$ (684)
Gain on settlement	$ 509

Balance Sheet Components - Prepaid Expenses and Other Current Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Prepaid expenses	$ 11,074	$ 14,520
Other receivables	3,525	654
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$ 14,599	$ 15,174

Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Reconciliation of effective tax rate

The reconciliation of the Company’s effective tax rate to the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate was as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Statutory federal income tax rate	21	%	21	%	21	%
State tax rate	43	%	(3)	%	—	%
Research and development tax credits	103	%	5	%	—	%
Stock-based compensation	273	%	1	%	(2)	%
Fair value adjustment	(4)	%	(1)	%	2	%
Permanent differences	(4)	%	(1)	%	(2)	%
Officer Compensation	(102)	%	(10)	%	—	%
Change in valuation allowance	(303)	%	(14)	%	(19)	%
Stock issuance	(25)	%	—	%	—	%
Effective tax rate	2	%	(2)	%	—	%

Significant components of net deferred income tax assets

The significant components of net deferred income tax assets were as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Deferred tax assets:
Reserves and allowances	$	2,977	$	1,002
Lease liability	175		259
Depreciable assets	—		162
Net operating loss carryforward	52,776		46,877
Stock-based compensation	3,307		4,359
Capitalized research and development	42,610		39,112
Credits carryforward	16,937		12,651
Total deferred tax assets	118,782		104,422
Deferred tax liabilities:
Operating lease right-of-use asset	(165)		(250)
Depreciable assets	(125)		—
Acquired intangibles	(9,178)		(10,073)
Data Revenue Partner Warrant	(2,302)		—
Total deferred tax liabilities	(11,770)		(10,323)
Less: Valuation allowance and other reserves	(107,012)		(94,099)
Net deferred tax asset	$	—	$	—

Aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits

The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows (in thousands):


Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	11,091
Additions based on tax positions related to 2023	968
Additions for tax positions of prior years	—
Balance as of December 31, 2023	12,059
Additions based on tax positions related to 2024	2,050
Reductions for tax positions of prior years	(2,077)
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	12,032

Subsequent Events (Details) $ in Millions	Feb. 27, 2025 USD ($)
Subsequent Event
Subsequent Event [Line Items]
Consideration for purchase of assets	$ 4.5

Balance Sheet Components - Prepaid Expenses and Other Assets, Non-Current (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Prepaid expenses, noncurrent	$ 1,849	$ 1,374
Investments	19,762	5,474
Prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent	$ 21,611	$ 6,848

Related-Party Transactions (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Summary of expenses paid on behalf of selling stockholders

A summary of the expenses paid on behalf of the selling securityholders is detailed below (in millions):


	Year Ended December 31, 2024
Executive Officers(1)	$	0.9
Board of Directors	3.9
Non-Executive Employees	0.1
Other	0.6
Total	$	5.5

(1) Includes $0.7 million in expenses paid on behalf of a securityholder who is both an executive officer and member of the board of directors.

Cover - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Cover - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Feb. 21, 2025	Jun. 28, 2024
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-K
Document Annual Report	true
Document Period End Date	Dec. 31, 2024
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--12-31
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	001-42120
Entity Registrant Name	Life360, Inc.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	26-0197666
Entity Address, Address Line One	1900 South Norfolk Street
Entity Address, Address Line Two	Suite 310
Entity Address, City or Town	San Mateo
Entity Address, State or Province	CA
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	94403
City Area Code	415
Local Phone Number	484-5244
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock, $0.001 par value per share
Trading Symbol	LIF
Security Exchange Name	NASDAQ
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer	Yes
Entity Voluntary Filers	No
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
ICFR Auditor Attestation Flag	true
Document Financial Statement Error Correction [Flag]	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Public Float			$ 2,280
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		75,527,845
Documents Incorporated by Reference	Portions of the definitive proxy statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders of the Registrant (the “2025 Proxy Statement”), are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The Proxy Statement will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days of the Registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2024.
Entity Central Index Key	0001581760
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2024
Document Fiscal Period Focus	FY
Amendment Flag	false
Title of 12(g) Security	Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share

Income Taxes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Income Taxes

14. Income Taxes

The Company has historically incurred pre-tax net operating losses only in the United States since its inception. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company incurred $5.5 million of pre-tax net operating losses in the United States and $0.9 million of pre-tax net operating income internationally.

An income tax provision (benefit) of $(0.1) million, $0.6 million and $0.1 million was recorded for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In accordance with ASC 805, a change in the acquirer’s valuation allowance that stems from a business combination should be recognized as an element of the acquirer’s income tax expense or benefit in the period of the acquisition.

The reconciliation of the Company’s effective tax rate to the U.S. statutory federal income tax rate was as follows:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Statutory federal income tax rate	21	%	21	%	21	%
State tax rate	43	%	(3)	%	—	%
Research and development tax credits	103	%	5	%	—	%
Stock-based compensation	273	%	1	%	(2)	%
Fair value adjustment	(4)	%	(1)	%	2	%
Permanent differences	(4)	%	(1)	%	(2)	%
Officer Compensation	(102)	%	(10)	%	—	%
Change in valuation allowance	(303)	%	(14)	%	(19)	%
Stock issuance	(25)	%	—	%	—	%
Effective tax rate	2	%	(2)	%	—	%

The significant components of net deferred income tax assets were as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Deferred tax assets:
Reserves and allowances	$	2,977	$	1,002
Lease liability	175		259
Depreciable assets	—		162
Net operating loss carryforward	52,776		46,877
Stock-based compensation	3,307		4,359
Capitalized research and development	42,610		39,112
Credits carryforward	16,937		12,651
Total deferred tax assets	118,782		104,422
Deferred tax liabilities:
Operating lease right-of-use asset	(165)		(250)
Depreciable assets	(125)		—
Acquired intangibles	(9,178)		(10,073)
Data Revenue Partner Warrant	(2,302)		—
Total deferred tax liabilities	(11,770)		(10,323)
Less: Valuation allowance and other reserves	(107,012)		(94,099)
Net deferred tax asset	$	—	$	—

The Company has provided a full valuation allowance on the net deferred tax assets. The valuation allowance increased by $12.9 million during 2024 and $4.5 million during 2023.

At December 31, 2024 the Company had approximately $219.5 million and $121.5 million of federal and state net operating loss carryforwards, respectively, available to offset future taxable income. Such carryforwards expire in varying amounts beginning in 2027. The federal net operating loss carryforwards of $145.6 million arising after December 31, 2017 do not expire.

The Company also had federal and state research and development credit carryforwards of $15.5 million and $14.7 million, respectively. The federal tax credits expire in varying amounts beginning in 2034. The state tax credits do not expire. Additionally, the Company has approximately $0.2 million of tax credits in Canada, which are expected to expire in varying amounts beginning 2033.

The Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of net operating loss carryforwards in certain situations where changes occur in the stock ownership of a Company. The annual limitation may result in the expiration of net operating losses and credits before utilization. The Company performed a Section 382 analysis through December 31, 2024. The Company does not expect any previous ownership changes (as defined under Sections 382 and 383 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended) to result in a limitation that will materially reduce the total amount of net operating loss carryforwards and credits that can be utilized. Subsequent ownership changes may affect the limitation in future years.

The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various state jurisdictions and Canada. In the normal course of business, the Company is subject to examination by taxing authorities throughout the nation. The Company is not currently under audit by the Internal Revenue Service or other similar state and local authorities. All tax years remain open to examination by major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had $12.0 million and $12.1 million, respectively, of gross unrecognized tax benefits related to federal and state research credits. As of December 31, 2024 all unrecognized tax benefits, if recognized, will not affect the Company’s effective tax rate. The Company does not anticipate any unrecognized tax benefits in the next 12 months that would result in a material change to its financial position.

The aggregate changes in the balance of gross unrecognized tax benefits were as follows (in thousands):


Balance as of December 31, 2022	$	11,091
Additions based on tax positions related to 2023	968
Additions for tax positions of prior years	—
Balance as of December 31, 2023	12,059
Additions based on tax positions related to 2024	2,050
Reductions for tax positions of prior years	(2,077)
Balance as of December 31, 2024	$	12,032

- Definition

The entire disclosure for income tax.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 740
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 12
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
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Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2

+ Details

Convertible Notes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Convertible notes

Convertible notes, current and noncurrent consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Convertible notes, current:
September 2021 Convertible Notes	$	—	$	3,449
Convertible notes, noncurrent:
July 2021 Convertible Notes	—		1,056
Total convertible notes	$	—	$	4,505

Business Combinations - Tile Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands			1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2022	Jan. 05, 2022	Jan. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Fair value of stock issued in connection with an acquisition				$ 0	$ 0	$ 15,409
Restricted stock units
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Awards forfeited (in shares)				467,871
Stock options
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Vesting period				4 years
Performance shares
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Vesting period				4 years
Tile
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Aggregate purchase consideration		$ 173,500
Consideration paid in cash		158,100
Fair value of stock issued in connection with an acquisition		$ 15,400
Consideration, stock issued (in shares)		780,593
Contingent consideration (in shares)		534,465
Consideration, indemnity escrow		$ 14,100
Consideration, indemnity escrow (in shares)		84,524
Consideration, indemnity escrow, term		15 months
Excluded consideration		$ 35,000
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation (in shares)		1,499,349
Excluded consideration, retention bonuses		$ 3,000
Transaction related expenses		$ 1,700
Excluded consideration, shares granted (in shares)		1,561
Excluded consideration, contingent consideration, shares granted (in shares)		4,784
Awards forfeited (in shares)	787,446
Measurement period adjustment, decrease to goodwill						500
Measurement period adjustment, increase to deferred revenue						1,300
Measurement period adjustment, increase to inventory						$ 800
Tile \| Restricted stock units
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation (in shares)		1,499,349	1,499,349	711,903
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation		$ 29,600	$ 29,600
Remaining retention restricted stock units (in shares)				711,903
Tile \| Restricted stock units \| Minimum
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Vesting period				2 years
Tile \| Restricted stock units \| Maximum
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Vesting period				4 years
Tile \| Stock options
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation (in shares)		38,730
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation		$ 400
Tile \| Performance shares
Business Acquisition [Line Items]
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation (in shares)		787,446	787,446
Excluded consideration, share-based compensation		$ 15,600	$ 15,600
Vesting period		2 years	2 years

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Property and Equipment Net (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024
Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, useful life	3 years
Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, useful life	10 years

Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Pay vs Performance Disclosure
Net loss	$ (4,555)	$ (28,171)	$ (91,629)

- Definition

The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 250
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2

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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Net Loss Per Share - Antidilutive Shares (Details) - shares	3 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive common stock (in shares)	10,773,309	13,271,994	15,098,390
Issuances under stock incentive plan, stock options
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive common stock (in shares)	5,673,947	6,625,812	8,180,840
Issuances upon exercise of common stock warrants
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive common stock (in shares)	7,761	137,658	137,658
Issuances upon vesting of restricted stock units
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive common stock (in shares)	5,091,601	6,182,543	6,779,892
Issuances upon conversion of convertible notes
Antidilutive Securities Excluded from Computation of Earnings Per Share [Line Items]
Antidilutive common stock (in shares)	0	325,981	0

Deferred Revenue (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Roll forward of deferred revenue

The following table represents a roll forward of the Company’s deferred revenue (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Deferred revenue, beginning of period	$	35,774	$	32,762

Additions to deferred revenue	304,903		229,871
Recognized revenue in the period	(295,479)		(226,859)
Deferred revenue, end of period	$	45,198	$	35,774

Income Taxes - Deferred Income Tax Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Deferred tax assets:
Reserves and allowances	$ 2,977	$ 1,002
Lease liability	175	259
Depreciable assets	0	162
Net operating loss carryforward	52,776	46,877
Stock-based compensation	3,307	4,359
Capitalized research and development	42,610	39,112
Credits carryforward	16,937	12,651
Total deferred tax assets	118,782	104,422
Deferred tax liabilities:
Operating lease right-of-use asset	(165)	(250)
Depreciable assets	(125)	0
Acquired intangibles	(9,178)	(10,073)
Data Revenue Partner Warrant	(2,302)	0
Total deferred tax liabilities	(11,770)	(10,323)
Less: Valuation allowance and other reserves	(107,012)	(94,099)
Net deferred tax asset	$ 0	$ 0

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Issuance costs	$ 13,293	$ 1,050

Equity Incentive Plan - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 42,269	$ 38,512	$ 34,680
Cost of revenue
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	1,532	1,790	1,435
Cost of revenue \| Subscription
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	730	651	684
Cost of revenue \| Hardware
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	798	1,096	514
Cost of revenue \| Other
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	4	43	237
Research and development
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	25,457	22,015	19,431
Sales and marketing
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	3,344	3,059	3,834
General and administrative
Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Line Items]
Total stock-based compensation expense	$ 11,936	$ 11,648	$ 9,980

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Channel and retail partners who represented greater than 10% of revenue or accounts receivable

The following tables set forth the information about the Company’s Channel Partners that processed our overall revenue transactions and retail partners who represented greater than 10% of our revenue and accounts receivable, respectively:


	Percentage of Revenue
	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Channel Partner (Apple)	53	%	53	%	49	%
Channel Partner (Google)	18	%	16	%	15	%
Retail Partner A	*		*		13	%

* Represents less than 10%


	Percentage of Gross Accounts Receivable
	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Channel Partner (Apple)	*		50	%
Channel Partner (Google)	49	%	*
Data Partner A	11	%	*
Retail Partner A	17	%	17	%

* Represents less than 10%

Restructuring costs are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations

The restructuring costs are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):


	Personnel and Severance Related Expenses
	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Cost of subscription revenue	$	—	$	64
Cost of hardware revenue	—		94
Research and development	—		1,824
Sales and marketing	—		872
General and administrative	153		1,170
Total	$	153	$	4,024

Convertible Notes

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Convertible Notes

8. Convertible Notes

July 2021 Convertible Notes

In July 2021, the Company issued the July 2021 Convertible Notes to investors with an underlying principal amount of $2.1 million. In June 2024, the July 2021 Convertible Notes were converted to common stock based on a fixed conversion price of $11.96 per share. At the time of conversion, the July 2021 Convertible Notes had an outstanding principal and accrued interest balance of $2.2 million. As a result of the conversion, 184,192 shares of common stock were issued to the holders in redemption of the outstanding July 2021 Convertible Notes. In June 2024, the fair value of the issued common stock was recorded within additional paid-in capital on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and a $0.9 million loss on the settlement of the July 2021 Convertible Notes was recorded in other income (expense), net on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of December 31, 2024, the balance of the July 2021 Convertible Notes is zero on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

The Company recognized a total of $0.1 million, $0.4 million, and $0.4 million in non-cash interest expense related to the July 2021 Convertible Notes for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

September 2021 Convertible Notes

In September 2021, the Company, in connection with the acquisition of Jiobit, issued $11.6 million representing the fair value of convertible notes (the “September 2021 Convertible Notes”) and $1.6 million of revesting convertible notes that vested over time. In April 2024, the holders of the September 2021 Convertible Notes elected to convert their notes and accrued interest to common stock based on a fixed conversion price of $22.50 per share. At the time of conversion, the September 2021 Convertible Notes had an outstanding principal and accrued interest balance of $3.5 million. As a result of the conversion, 157,685 shares of common stock with a fair value of $3.5 million were issued to the holders in redemption of the outstanding September 2021 Convertible Notes. In April 2024, the fair value of the issued common stock was recorded within additional paid-in capital on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet and a $0.5 million gain on settlement of the September 2021 Convertible Notes was recorded in other income (expense), net on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. As of December 31, 2024, the balance of the September 2021 Convertible Notes is zero on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet.

Convertible notes, current and noncurrent consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Convertible notes, current:
September 2021 Convertible Notes	$	—	$	3,449
Convertible notes, noncurrent:
July 2021 Convertible Notes	—		1,056
Total convertible notes	$	—	$	4,505

- Definition

The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 470
-SubTopic 10
-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 6
-Subparagraph (b)
-Publisher FASB
-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6

Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6

Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1

Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B

Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/470/tableOfContent

Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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-URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I

+ Details

Derivative Liability	12 Months Ended
Derivative Liability	Dec. 31, 2024
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Derivative Liability	9. Derivative Liability The Company’s derivative liability, which represented embedded share-settled redemption features bifurcated from its July 2021 Convertible Notes, was settled in June 2024 upon the conversion of the July 2021 Convertible Notes to common stock based on a fixed conversion price of $11.96 per share. A $1.9 million gain was recorded at the time of conversion within other income (expense), net on the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss for the year ended December 31, 2024. As of December 31, 2024, the fair value of the derivative liability was zero on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2023, the fair value of the derivative liability was $0.2 million. Refer to Note 5, "Fair Value Measurements" and Note 8, "Convertible Notes" for further details.

Balance Sheet Components - Accrued Expenses and Current Other Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Accrued vendor expenses	$ 13,856	$ 10,020
Accrued compensation	3,834	3,349
Customer related promotions and discounts	9,761	9,049
Sales return reserves	2,817	3,285
Other current liabilities	1,747	1,835
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$ 32,015	$ 27,538

Balance Sheet Components - Intangible Assets Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Capitalized internal use software	$ 4,700	$ 1,700
Amortization expense	9,500	$ 9,000	$ 8,700
Internal use software not yet in service	$ 937

Balance Sheet Components - Intangible Assets, Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life (Details)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Trade name
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life	7 years	8 years
Technology
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life	1 year 10 months 24 days	2 years 10 months 24 days
Customer relationships
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life	5 years 1 month 6 days	6 years 1 month 6 days
Internal use software
Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life	2 years 7 months 6 days	3 years 7 months 6 days

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

Warrants	12 Months Ended
Warrants	Dec. 31, 2024
Other Liabilities Disclosure [Abstract]
Warrants	12. Warrants As of December 31, 2024 , the Company had 7,761 outstanding warrants, entitling the holder thereof to purchase shares of the Company’s common stock with an exercise price of $6.44 and expiry date in 2025. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had 137,658 outstanding warrants, entitling the holder thereof to purchase shares of Company common stock with exercise prices ranging from $2.28 to $11.96 and expiry dates ranging from 2024 to 2026.

Fair Value Measurements

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair Value Measurements

5. Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures and reports certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of these instruments as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are classified as follows (in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total

Assets:
Money market funds	$	133,959	$	—	$	—	$	133,959
Total assets	$	133,959	$	—	$	—	$	133,959
Liabilities:
Derivative liability (Note 9)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Convertible notes (Note 8)	—		—		—		—
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


	As of December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	41,981	$	—	$	—	$	41,981
Total assets	$	41,981	$	—	$	—	$	41,981
Liabilities:
Derivative liability (Note 9)	$	—	$	—	$	217	$	217
Convertible notes (Note 8)	—		—		3,449		3,449
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	3,666	$	3,666

The change in fair value of the Level 3 instruments were as follows (in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2024
	Derivative liability (Note 9)		Convertible notes (Note 8)

Fair value, beginning of the year	$	217	$	3,449

Changes in fair value	1,707		608

Settlement of September 2021 Convertible Notes upon conversion (Note 8)	—		(3,548)
Gain on settlement of September 2021 Convertible Notes (Note 8)	—		(509)
Gain on settlement of derivative liability (Note 9)	(1,924)		—
Fair value, end of period	$	—	$	—


	As of December 31, 2023
	Derivative liability (Note 9)		Convertible notes (Note 8)
Fair value, beginning of the year	$	101	$	6,938
Vesting of revesting notes	—		72
Changes in fair value	116		684
Forfeiture of revesting notes	—		(326)
Repayment of convertible notes (Note 8)	—		(3,919)

Fair value, end of period	$	217	$	3,449

For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded a loss associated with the change in fair value of the derivative liability of $1.7 million and a gain related to the settlement of the derivative liability upon conversion of the July 2021 Convertible Notes of $1.9 million . For the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recorded a loss associated with the change in fair value of the September 2021 Convertible Notes of $0.6 million and a gain related to the settlement of the September 2021 Convertible Notes upon conversion of $0.5 million . Refer to Note 8, "Convertible Notes" for further details. The amounts have been recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

For the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recorded a loss associated with the change in fair value of the derivative liability and convertible notes of $0.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively. The amounts have been recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of operations and comprehensive loss.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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+ Details

Equity Incentive Plan - Restricted Stock Units Activity (Details) - Restricted stock units - $ / shares	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Number of Shares
Balance (in shares)	6,182,543
RSU granted (in shares)	2,572,091
RSU vested and settled (in shares)	(3,195,162)
RSU cancelled/forfeited (in shares)	(467,871)
Balance (in shares)	5,091,601	6,182,543
Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance (in usd per share)	$ 12.67
RSU granted (in usd per share)	27.36	$ 13.15	$ 12.13
RSU vested and settled (in usd per share)	31.61
RSU cancelled/forfeited (in usd per share)	14.37
Balance (in usd per share)	$ 19.22	$ 12.67

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Software Development Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Capitalized software development costs	$ 4.7	$ 1.7	$ 0.7
Internal use software
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property and equipment, useful life	3 years

Common Stock - Shares Reserved for Issuance (Details) - shares	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Reserved shares of common stock (in shares)	23,588,338	30,154,209
Issuances under stock incentive plan, stock options
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Reserved shares of common stock (in shares)	5,673,947	6,625,812
Issuances upon exercise of common stock warrants
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Reserved shares of common stock (in shares)	7,761	137,658
Issuances upon vesting of restricted stock units
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Reserved shares of common stock (in shares)	5,091,601	6,182,543
Issuances upon conversion of convertible notes
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Reserved shares of common stock (in shares)	0	325,981
Shares reserved for shares available to be granted but not granted yet
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Reserved shares of common stock (in shares)	12,815,029	16,882,215

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef
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+ Details

Deferred Revenue - Roll forward of Deferred Revenue (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Contract With Customer, Liability [Roll Forward]
Deferred revenue, beginning of period	$ 35,774	$ 32,762
Additions to deferred revenue	304,903	229,871
Recognized revenue in the period	(295,479)	(226,859)
Deferred revenue, end of period	$ 45,198	$ 35,774

Deferred Revenue

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Deferred Revenue

4. Deferred Revenue

The following table represents a roll forward of the Company’s deferred revenue (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Deferred revenue, beginning of period	$	35,774	$	32,762

Additions to deferred revenue	304,903		229,871
Recognized revenue in the period	(295,479)		(226,859)
Deferred revenue, end of period	$	45,198	$	35,774

During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company recognized $33.9 million of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2023. During the year ended December 31, 2023, the Company recognized $30.1 million of revenue that was included in the deferred revenue balance as of December 31, 2022.

- Definition

The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
-Topic 606
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-Name Accounting Standards Codification
-Section 50
-Paragraph 9
-Publisher FASB
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Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Balance Sheet Components - Property and Equipment, Net (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 2,815	$ 1,514
Less: accumulated depreciation	(1,036)	(784)
Total property and equipment, net	1,779	730
Depreciation	300	100	$ 500
Computer equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	297	297
Leasehold improvements
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	101	100
Production manufacturing equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	2,026	839
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	362	249
Furniture and fixtures
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Total property and equipment, gross	$ 29	$ 29

Defined Contribution Plan	12 Months Ended
Defined Contribution Plan	Dec. 31, 2024
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Defined Contribution Plan	16. Defined Contribution Plan The Company sponsors a defined contribution plan under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code covering substantially all employees over the age of 21 years. Contributions made by the Company are voluntary and are determined annually by the Board of Directors on an individual basis subject to the maximum allowable amount under federal tax regulations. Employer contributions to the plan were $1.2 million and $1.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. There were immaterial employer contributions to the plan for the year ended December 31, 2022

Warrants (Details) - $ / shares	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Number of shares to purchase under warrants (in shares)	7,761	137,658
Exercise price or warrants (in usd per share)	$ 6.44
Minimum
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price or warrants (in usd per share)		$ 2.28
Maximum
Class of Warrant or Right [Line Items]
Exercise price or warrants (in usd per share)		$ 11.96

Net Loss Per Share - Computation (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Numerator:
Net loss	$ (4,555)	$ (28,171)	$ (91,629)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic (in shares)	72,125,571	66,748,542	62,209,545
Net loss per share, basic (in usd per share)	$ (0.06)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.47)
Numerator:
Net loss	$ (4,555)	$ (28,171)	$ (91,629)
Adjusted net loss for diluted earnings per share	$ (4,555)	$ (28,171)	$ (94,195)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic (in shares)	72,125,571	66,748,542	62,209,545
Effect of dilutive securities:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, diluted (in shares)	72,125,571	66,748,542	62,839,593
Net loss per share, diluted (in usd per share)	$ (0.06)	$ (0.42)	$ (1.50)
Convertible Notes
Numerator:
Interest attributable to July 2021 and September 2021 Convertible Notes	$ 0	$ 0	$ 515
Convertible Notes \| September 2021 Convertible Notes
Numerator:
(Gain)/loss attributable to Convertible Notes	$ 0	$ 0	$ (1,786)
Effect of dilutive securities:
Convertible Notes (in shares)	0	0	453,626
Convertible Notes \| July 2021 Convertible Notes
Numerator:
(Gain)/loss attributable to Convertible Notes	$ 0	$ 0	$ (1,295)
Effect of dilutive securities:
Convertible Notes (in shares)	0	0	176,422

Balance Sheet Components - Leases (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Remaining lease terms	1 year 10 months 24 days
Operating lease costs	$ 452	$ 924	$ 2,345
Payments for operating leases	400	900	$ 2,400
Operating lease right-of-use asset	$ 683	$ 1,014
Operating lease liability, current, location	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	Accrued expenses and other current liabilities
Operating lease liability, current (included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities)	$ 364	$ 335
Operating lease liability, non-current, location	Other liabilities, noncurrent	Other liabilities, noncurrent
Operating lease liability, noncurrent (included in other liabilities, noncurrent)	$ 359	$ 723
Weighted-average remaining term for operating lease (in years)	1 year 10 months 24 days	2 years 10 months 24 days
Weighted-average discount rate	5.00%	5.00%
Operating leases
2025	$ 390
2026	367
Total future minimum lease payments	757
Less imputed interest	(34)
Total operating lease liability	$ 723

Net Loss Per Share

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Net Loss Per Share

17. Net Loss Per Share

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding for the fiscal period. Diluted net loss per share reflects the potential dilution that could occur if options, RSUs, PRSUs, warrants, or other securities that could result in the issuance of common stock were exercised or converted to common stock using the treasury-stock method. The dilutive effect of the outstanding September 2021 Convertible Notes and July 2021 Convertible Notes are reflected in diluted net loss per share by application of the if-converted method for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except share and per share data):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Numerator:
Net loss	$	(4,555)	$	(28,171)	$	(91,629)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic	72,125,571		66,748,542		62,209,545
Net loss per share, basic	$	(0.06)	$	(0.42)	$	(1.47)


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Numerator:
Net loss	$	(4,555)	$	(28,171)	$	(91,629)
(Gain)/loss attributable to September 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		(1,786)
(Gain)/loss attributable to July 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		(1,295)
Interest attributable to July 2021 and September 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		515
Adjusted net loss for diluted earnings per share	(4,555)		(28,171)		(94,195)
Denominator:
Weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, basic	72,125,571		66,748,542		62,209,545
Effect of dilutive securities:
September 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		453,626
July 2021 Convertible Notes	—		—		176,422
Adjusted weighted-average shares used in computing net loss per share, diluted	72,125,571		66,748,542		62,839,593
Net loss per share, diluted	$	(0.06)	$	(0.42)	$	(1.50)


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024	2023	2022

Issuances under stock incentive plan, stock options	5,673,947	6,625,812	8,180,840
Issuances upon exercise of common stock warrants	7,761	137,658	137,658
Issuances upon vesting of restricted stock units	5,091,601	6,182,543	6,779,892
Issuances upon conversion of convertible notes	—	325,981	—
Total	10,773,309	13,271,994	15,098,390

Equity Incentive Plan (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Stock option activity

The following summary of stock option activity for the periods presented is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):


	Number of Shares Underlying Outstanding Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance as of December 31, 2023	6,625,812	$	6.57	4.68	$	59,957
Options granted	—	—
Options exercised	(758,101)	7.62
Options cancelled/forfeited	(193,764)	14.54
Balance as of December 31, 2024	5,673,947	6.16		3.89	199,239
Exercisable as of December 31, 2024	5,296,299	$	5.72	3.82	$	188,261

Restricted stock units activity

RSU, including PRSU, activity for the periods presented is as follows:


	Number of Shares	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance as of December 31, 2023	6,182,543	$	12.67
RSUs & PRSUs granted	2,572,091	27.36
RSUs vested and settled	(3,195,162)	31.61
RSUs cancelled/forfeited	(467,871)	14.37
Balance as of December 31, 2024	5,091,601	$	19.22

Fair value assumptions

The fair value of the employee stock options granted is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, based on the following assumptions:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024	2023	2022

Expected terms (in years)	N/A	N/A	3.87
Expected volatility	N/A	N/A	65	%
Risk-free interest rate	N/A	N/A	2.22	%
Expected dividend rate	N/A	N/A	0	%

Stock-based compensation expense

Stock-based compensation expense was allocated as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Cost of revenue
Subscription costs	$	730	$	651	$	684
Hardware costs	798		1,096		514
Other costs	4		43		237
Total cost of revenue	1,532		1,790		1,435
Research and development	25,457		22,015		19,431
Sales and marketing	3,344		3,059		3,834
General and administrative	11,936		11,648		9,980
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	42,269	$	38,512	$	34,680

Common Stock (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Equity [Abstract]

Reserved shares of common stock

The Company has reserved shares of common stock, on an as if converted basis, for issuance as follows:


	As of December 31,
	2024	2023

Issuances under stock incentive plan, stock options	5,673,947	6,625,812
Issuances upon exercise of common stock warrants	7,761	137,658
Issuances upon vesting of restricted stock units	5,091,601	6,182,543
Issuances upon conversion of convertible notes	—	325,981
Shares reserved for shares available to be granted but not granted yet	12,815,029	16,882,215
	23,588,338	30,154,209

- Definition

Tabular disclosure of an entity's stock, including par or stated value per share, number and dollar amount of share subscriptions, shares authorized, shares issued, shares outstanding, number and dollar amount of shares held in an employee trust, dividend per share, total dividends, share conversion features, par value plus additional paid in capital, the value of treasury stock and other information necessary to a fair presentation, and EPS information. Stock by class includes common, convertible, and preferred stocks which are not redeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer. Includes preferred stock with redemption features that are solely within the control of the issuer and mandatorily redeemable stock if redemption is required to occur only upon liquidation or termination of the reporting entity. If more than one issue is outstanding, state the title of each issue and the corresponding dollar amount; dollar amount of any shares subscribed but unissued and the deduction of subscriptions receivable there from; number of shares authorized, issued, and outstanding.

+ References

Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef
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+ Details

Audit Information	12 Months Ended
Audit Information	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2022
Audit Information [Abstract]
Auditor Firm ID	34	243
Auditor Name	Deloitte and Touche LLP	BDO USA, P.C.
Auditor Location	San Francisco, CA	San Francisco, CA

Fair Value Measurements - Fair Value and Classification of Instruments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Assets:
Money market funds	$ 133,959	$ 41,981
Total assets	133,959	41,981
Liabilities:
Derivative liability (Note 9)	0	217
Convertible notes (Note 8)	0	3,449
Total liabilities	0	3,666
Level 1
Assets:
Money market funds	133,959	41,981
Total assets	133,959	41,981
Liabilities:
Derivative liability (Note 9)	0	0
Convertible notes (Note 8)	0	0
Total liabilities	0	0
Level 2
Assets:
Money market funds	0	0
Total assets	0	0
Liabilities:
Derivative liability (Note 9)	0	0
Convertible notes (Note 8)	0	0
Total liabilities	0	0
Level 3
Assets:
Money market funds	0	0
Total assets	0	0
Liabilities:
Derivative liability (Note 9)	0	217
Convertible notes (Note 8)	0	3,449
Total liabilities	$ 0	$ 3,666

Related-Party Transactions - Expenses Paid on Behalf of Selling Stockholders (Details) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($)
Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party transaction	$ 5.5
Executive Officers
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party transaction	0.9
Board of Directors
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party transaction	3.9
Non-Executive Employees
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party transaction	0.1
Other
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party transaction	0.6
Executive Officer and Director
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party transaction	$ 0.7

Convertible Notes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	1 Months Ended		12 Months Ended
Convertible Notes - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	Jun. 30, 2024	Apr. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Jul. 31, 2021
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Loss on settlement of convertible notes			$ 440,000	$ 0	$ 0
Convertible notes, noncurrent			0	1,056,000
Settlement of convertible notes			5,751,000
Convertible notes, current			0	3,449,000
July 2021 Convertible Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount							$ 2,100,000
Convertible notes conversion price (in usd per share)	$ 11.96
Outstanding principal and accrued interest balance	$ 2,200,000
Conversion of common stock (in shares)	184,192
Loss on settlement of convertible notes	$ 900,000
Convertible notes, noncurrent			0	1,056,000
Interest expense			100,000	400,000	$ 400,000
September 2021 Convertible Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount						$ 11,600,000
Convertible notes conversion price (in usd per share)		$ 22.50
Loss on settlement of convertible notes		$ (500,000)
Outstanding principal and accrued interest		$ 3,500,000
Settlement of convertible notes (in shares)		157,685
Settlement of convertible notes		$ 3,500,000
Convertible notes, current			$ 0	$ 3,449,000
Convertible Debt, Revesting Notes
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Principal amount						$ 1,600,000

Subsequent Events	12 Months Ended
Subsequent Events	Dec. 31, 2024
Subsequent Events [Abstract]
Subsequent Events	18. Subsequent Events On February 27, 2025, the Company entered into an Asset Purchase Agreement with Fantix, Inc., to purchase certain assets of Fantix, Inc., for a total consideration of $4.5 million.

Business Combinations

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]

Business Combinations

6. Business Combinations

Tile, Inc.

On January 5, 2022, the Company completed the acquisition of Tile, Inc., a privately held consumer electronics company. The company is based in San Mateo, California and was founded in 2012. Tile is a smart location company whose products include a Bluetooth enabled device and related accessories that work in tandem with the Tile application (the “Application”), to enable its customers to locate lost or misplaced objects. Tile offers a comprehensive list of products to use with the application, along with optional subscription services to enhance features offered for Tile products. The addition of Tile is expected to strengthen and extend Life360’s market leadership position by leveraging Tile’s developed technology and customer relationships to accelerate the Company’s own product development and augment the Life360 team with a critical mass of talent. The aggregate purchase consideration was $173.5 million, of which $158.1 million was paid in cash and $15.4 million paid in equity. The $15.4 million in equity was comprised of 780,593 shares of the Company’s common stock valued on the date of acquisition and 534,465 shares of common stock contingent consideration which was promised upon reaching certain operational goals. Of the consideration transferred, $14.1 million in cash and 84,524 common shares were placed in an indemnity escrow fund to be held for fifteen months after the acquisition date for general representations and warranties.

A total of $35.0 million was excluded from purchase consideration which consists of retention compensation of 1,499,349 shares of retention restricted stock units valued at $29.6 million, $0.4 million related to 38,730 vested common stock options issued to Tile employees as stock-based compensation on the acquisition date and change in control bonuses of $3.0 million which were recognized as compensation expense on the consolidated statements of operations on the acquisition date. The Company incurred transaction related expenses of $1.7 million, which were recorded under general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations. The remaining costs excluded from purchase consideration were a result of 1,561 shares granted to key employee and vested based continued employment and 4,784 shares of contingent consideration granted to a key employee and vested based on continued employment.

Of the 1,499,349 shares of retention restricted stock units, 787,446 shares valued at $15.6 million contained performance vesting criteria based on the achievement of certain company milestones, and were scheduled to vest over a two year period. As of March 31, 2022, the vesting criteria had not been met and all 787,446 restricted stock units were forfeited. The remaining retention restricted stock units of 711,903 shares vest over a two to four year period.

The contingent consideration was based on the Company’s achievement of certain targets for revenue and earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization for the three months ended December 31, 2021 and the three months ended March 31, 2022. The Company ascribed no value to the contingent consideration.

The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and the total purchase consideration was allocated to the net tangible and intangible assets and liabilities based on their fair values on the acquisition date and the excess was recorded to goodwill. The provisional values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were based on estimates of fair value available and were finalized as of January 5, 2023.

During the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company made a measurement period adjustment to the preliminary purchase price allocation which included: (i) a decrease to goodwill of $0.5 million, (ii) an increase to deferred revenue of $1.3 million, and (iii) an increase to inventory of $0.8 million. The measurement period adjustment was made to reflect facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date and is reflected in the table below.

The assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the acquisition were recorded at their fair value on the date of acquisition, inclusive of the measurement period adjustments, as follows (in thousands):


	Fair Value
Cash	$	32,997
Restricted cash	1,050
Accounts receivable	27,826
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5,004
Inventory	8,320
Property and equipment	570
Prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent	482
Intangible assets	52,700
Goodwill	102,547
Accounts payable	(23,197)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(24,613)
Deferred revenue	(10,203)
Total acquisition consideration	$	173,483

The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition:


	Fair Value (in thousands)		Estimated Useful Life (in years)
Developed technology	$	18,400	5
Trade name	20,000		10
Customer relationships	14,300		8
Total identified intangible assets	$	52,700

Goodwill represents the future economic benefits arising from other assets that could not be individually identified and separately recognized, such as the acquired assembled workforce of Tile. In addition, goodwill represents the future benefits as a result of the acquisition that will enhance the Company’s product available to both new and existing customers and increase the Company’s competitive position. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The results of Tile's operations are included in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss from the acquisition date.

Income Taxes - Unrecognized Tax Benefits (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Unrecognized Tax Benefits [Roll Forward]
Beginning balance	$ 12,059	$ 11,091
Additions based on tax positions related to current year	2,050	968
Additions for tax positions of prior years		0
Reductions for tax positions of prior years	(2,077)
Ending balance	$ 12,032	$ 12,059

Equity Incentive Plan - Fair Value Assumptions (Details) - Stock options	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2022
Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award [Line Items]
Expected terms (in years)	3 years 10 months 13 days
Expected volatility	65.00%
Risk-free interest rate	2.22%
Expected dividend rate	0.00%

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef
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+ Details

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation and Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or (“GAAP”), are presented in U.S. dollars unless otherwise stated, and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to:

•revenue recognition, including the determination of selling prices for distinct performance obligations sold in multiple-performance obligation arrangements, the period over which revenue is recognized for certain arrangements, and estimated delivery dates for orders with title transfer upon delivery;

•allowance for credit losses, product returns;

•promotional and marketing allowances;

•inventory valuation;

•average useful customer life;

•valuation of stock-based awards;

•achievement of performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”);

•legal contingencies;

•impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill;

•valuation of non-cash consideration, contingent consideration, convertible notes and embedded derivatives;

•useful lives of long lived assets; and

•income taxes including valuation allowances on deferred tax assets.

The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.

Recently adopted accounting pronouncements

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07 – Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The adoption of this ASU did not change the way the Company evaluates its reportable segments and, as a result, did not have a material impact on the Company’s segment-related disclosures. Refer to Note 3, "Segment and Geographic Revenue" for additional information.

Accounting pronouncements not yet adopted

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The ASU requires the disclosure of additional information related to certain costs and expenses, including amounts of inventory purchases, employee compensation, and depreciation and amortization included in each income statement line item. The ASU is effective for the Company beginning in fiscal year 2027 and interim periods beginning in fiscal year 2028, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The updates in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.

Revenue Recognition

The Company generates revenue from direct and indirect streams. Direct revenue includes subscription and hardware revenue, while indirect revenue consists of all other revenue sources, such as data and partnership, which includes advertising.

The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers at transaction price, an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Transaction price is calculated as the net selling price of variable consideration, which may include estimates for future returns and sales incentives related to current period revenue. The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer.

Subscription Revenue

The Company’s subscription revenue is comprised of Life360 mobile application subscriptions and premium subscription service plans for hardware tracking devices. The Company’s subscription contracts with customers are established at the point of mobile application download and purchase as indicated through acceptance of the Company’s Terms of Use. The Company’s subscription agreements generally have monthly or annual contractual terms and are billed and paid in advance.

The cloud-based subscriptions are considered single combined performance obligations, consisting of multiple features that can be purchased separately, but which are bundled together and delivered to the customer as a combined output. The Company provides its customers with technical support along with unspecified updates and upgrades to the platform on an if and when available basis.

The premium subscription plan for hardware tracking devices is a distinct and separate performance obligation from the hardware. Subscription fees are fixed and recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancellable contractual term of the agreement, generally beginning on the date that the Company’s service is made available to the customer. The Company recognizes revenues on a straight-line basis because the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the service ratably throughout the contractual period. The Company’s contracts are generally non-cancelable and do not provide for refunds to customers in the event of cancellations.

Hardware Revenue

The Company’s hardware revenue consists of hardware and accessories, embedded software, customer support and unspecified upgrades and updates on a when and if-available basis, and includes amounts generated from a partnership with a related party, as described in Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions". The Company’s hardware and embedded operating system are considered one performance obligation as the embedded operation system is integral to the functionality of the hardware and only combined produce the essential functionality of the hardware. Revenue for the hardware and embedded software performance obligation is recognized when control is transferred to the customer. The allocated value of the unspecified updates and upgrades and customer support are recognized as hardware revenue ratably over the estimated economic life of the hardware. The Company offers certain rights of return and estimates return reserves based on historical experience, and the reserves are recorded as a reduction of revenue and an accrued liability. Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are classified as revenue, and the Company’s related shipping and handling costs incurred are classified as cost of revenue. Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to respective governmental authorities are recorded as liabilities and are not included in revenue. The customers are billed upon shipment of hardware tracking devices.

The premium subscription service plans available for hardware tracking devices are separate and distinct from hardware performance obligations and are included in subscription revenue.

Other Revenue

The Company’s other revenue consists of data and partnership revenue, which includes advertising revenue.

Data revenue is generated primarily through an arrangement with a key data partner that provides location-based analytics to customers in the retail and real estate sectors, municipalities, and other private and public organizations (“Data Partner”). In January 2022, Life360 announced a partnership agreement with a key Data Partner, a prominent provider of aggregated analytics for the retail ecosystem, in which executives of the Company have an immaterial ownership interest through a passive investment vehicle. This agreement was amended and restated in August 2024, and the term was extended for a period of five years. As part of this partnership, the Data Partner will provide data processing and analytics services to Life360 and will have the right to commercialize aggregated data related to place visits during the agreement term. The partnership agreement includes fixed and variable monthly revenue amounts, as well as quarterly minimum guarantees, for access to aggregated data for the duration of the five-year agreement. The Company has an obligation to provide aggregated user data over the term of the partnership agreement and recognizes revenue ratably over the performance period as data is delivered. In connection with the original agreement, the Data Partner issued the Company a warrant to purchase up to 5,100,167 shares of Series C Preferred Stock of the Data Partner (the “Data Revenue Partner Warrant”) at an exercise price of $4.90 per share. The Company estimates and includes variable consideration related to the Data Revenue Partner Warrant, in the transaction price at contract inception to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The partnership agreement has standard payment terms that require payment within 30 days.

The grant of the Data Revenue Partner Warrant is considered non-cash consideration, which the Company measured at fair value on the date of issuance. The warrant was valued using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, and the fair value at issuance of approximately $5.4 million has been included as variable consideration in the transaction price of the data partnership agreement, and is included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent and deferred revenue on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the warrant included within deferred revenue is amortized to other revenue over the life of the agreement. Refer to the "Investments" section below for additional information regarding the Company's Data Revenue Partner Warrant.

Data revenue was $26.6 million, $21.6 million, and $23.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Partnership revenue includes lead generation offerings and agreements with third parties that allow access to anonymized data insights or advertising on the Company’s mobile platform. Under these agreements, the Company may earn a percentage of the revenue generated from data insights or advertising spend. Revenue is recorded on a gross basis if the Company acts as the principal in the transaction, or a net basis if the Company acts as the agent. Generally, when the Company directly sells advertising on its mobile platform, revenue is recorded on a gross basis. Variable amounts earned from partnership revenue arrangements are allocated to the month in which the partner’s related revenue is generated or advertising is delivered.

Partnership revenue also includes revenue related to the Company’s partnership with a related party. In November and December 2024, the Company entered into a strategic partnership and series of transactions with a related party, including a partnership and revenue share agreement (the “Related Party Agreement”). Refer to Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions" for additional information. The Related Party Agreement includes revenue-share payments in which the related party will pay the Company a percentage of revenues earned from leveraging the new global location-tracking network service offering. In connection with the Related Party Agreement, the related party issued the Company a warrant to purchase up to 6,147,574 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $0.46 per share (the “Related Party Warrant”). The Company estimates and includes variable consideration related to the Related party Warrant, in the transaction price at contract inception to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The Related Party Agreement has standard payment terms that require payment within 30 days.

The grant of the Related Warrant is considered non-cash consideration, which the Company measured at fair value on the date of issuance. The warrant includes various performance-based vesting conditions based on revenue and operational milestones to be measured and assessed throughout the term of the agreement. No tranche of the Related Party Warrant has vested as of December 31, 2024. The warrant was valued using a Black Scholes option-pricing model, and the fair value of approximately $3.9 million has been included as consideration in the transaction price of the Related Party Agreement, and is also included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent and deferred revenue on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the warrant included within deferred revenue is amortized to other revenue over the life of the agreement.

Partnership revenue was $9.4 million, $3.9 million, and $3.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively.

Performance Obligations

Some of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations, primarily hardware and subscription services for hardware tracking devices and hardware bundles (bundled Life360 subscription and hardware offerings). For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct and distinct within the context of the contract. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”) basis with the amounts allocated to ongoing services deferred and recognized over a period of time and amounts allocated to hardware tracking devices recognized at a point-in time with a portion of the consideration being allocated to application usage (maintenance) and support. The Company determines SSP based on observable, if available, prices for those related goods and services when sold separately. When such observable prices are not available, the Company determines SSP based on multiple factors including consumer behaviors, the Company’s internal pricing model, and relative costs incurred plus a normal margin. The factors may vary depending on the facts and circumstances related to each performance obligation.

Our hardware sales arrangements typically contain multiple performance obligations, consisting of the hardware sale, application usage, hardware support, and in some cases, premium subscriptions. The Company provides warranties of up to twelve months for products with manufacturing defects or hardware failures. As part of Tile Premium subscriptions, the Company offers warranties to end-users covering the contractual service period (up to 3 years) for products with manufacturing defects or hardware failures. The warranties are not sold separately and do not represent separate performance obligations. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type and are billed either in advance or have a standard payment term generally requiring payment within 30 to 60 days. Therefore, such warranties are accounted for under ASC 460, Guarantees, and the estimated costs of warranty claims are generally accrued as cost of revenue in the period the related revenue is recorded.

Variable Consideration

The Company recognizes hardware revenue at the net sales price, which includes certain estimates for variable consideration with its customers. The Company’s variable consideration is primarily in the form of promotional agreements and marketing development fund agreements related to the hardware tracking devices.

These agreements are designed to enhance the sale of the Company’s products and consist of incentives to the Company’s customers. The Company estimates variable consideration using the expected value method. All forms of variable consideration are recorded as contra-revenue and a corresponding liability in its consolidated balance sheets. These estimates are based on the Company’s incentive program experience, historical and projected sales data and current contractual terms. The remaining portion of this liability is based on contractual amounts and does not require estimation.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent the amount of contracted future revenue not yet recognized as the amounts relate to undelivered performance obligations, including both deferred revenue and non-cancelable contracted amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations was $213.9 million as of December 31, 2024, of which the Company expects 35% to be recognized over the next twelve months.

Cost of Revenue

Cost of subscription revenue primarily consists of expenses related to hosting the Company’s services and providing support to the Company’s free members and paying subscribers. These expenses include personnel-related costs associated with the Company’s cloud-based infrastructure and the Company’s customer support organization, third-party hosting fees, software and maintenance costs, outside services associated with the delivery of subscription services, amortization of acquired intangibles and allocated overhead, such as facilities, including rent, utilities, depreciation on equipment shared by all departments, credit card and transaction processing fees, and shared information technology costs. Personnel-related expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation for operations personnel.

Cost of hardware revenue consists of product costs, including hardware production, contract manufacturers for production, shipping and handling, packaging, fulfillment, personnel-related expenses, manufacturing and equipment depreciation, warehousing, tariff costs, customer support costs, credit card and transaction processing fees, warranty replacement, and write-downs of excess and obsolete inventory. Personnel-related expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation for operations personnel.

Cost of other revenue consists of cloud-based hosting costs, as well as costs of product operations functions and personnel-related costs associated with the Company’s data and advertising platforms. Personnel-related expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation for operations personnel.

Costs Capitalized to Obtain Contracts

Costs capitalized to obtain contracts comprise of commission payments in connection with annual subscription sales of the Company’s mobile application through a third-party store platform. These costs that are incremental and directly related to new customer sales contracts are accrued and capitalized upon execution of a non-cancelable customer contract, and subsequently expensed over the estimated period of benefit, which is currently estimated to be two to three years. The Company has elected the practical expedient under ASC 340-40 to expense incremental costs of obtaining a contract if the amortization periods is one year or less.

Accounts Receivable and Allowances

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectibility of accounts by considering the age of each outstanding invoice, the collection history of each customer, and an evaluation of the current expected risk of credit loss based on current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions over the life of the receivable. The Company assesses collectibility by reviewing accounts receivable on an aggregated basis where similar characteristics exist and on an individual basis when specific customers with collectibility issues are identified.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the allowance for credit losses was $0.4 million and $0.1 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2024 the provision for credit losses expense was $0.3 million, and for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, was immaterial.

Inventory and Contract Manufacturing

Inventory is comprised of raw materials and finished goods related to hardware tracking devices and accessories. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a weighted average basis. The Company assesses the valuation of inventory and writes down the value for estimated excess and obsolete inventory based upon estimates of future demand and market conditions.

The Company outsources a significant portion of its manufacturing to independent contract manufacturers in Asia. A significant portion of its cost of revenue consists of inventory purchased from these manufacturers. The Company’s inventory is held at third party warehouses and contract manufacturer premises. The Company’s manufacturers procure components and manufacture the Company’s products based on the demand forecasts provided. These forecasts are based on estimates of future demand for the Company’s products, which are in turn based on historical trends and an analysis from the Company’s sales and marketing organizations, adjusted for overall market conditions. Shipments of inventory from the contract manufacturer are recorded as finished goods inventory upon shipment when title and the significant risks and reward of ownership have passed to the Company.

Concentrations of Risk and Significant Customers

The Company’s business, operations, and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including adverse global economic conditions and competition in the Company’s industry that could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial conditions, results of operations and cash flows. These important factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results.

Major Customers

The Company’s customers primarily consist of individual consumers, who subscribe to the Company’s product offerings through our Channel Partners, data revenue customers and retail partners, who purchase hardware tracking devices from the Company and resell them directly to individual consumers. Any changes in customer preferences and trends or changes in terms of use of Channel Partners’ platforms could have an adverse impact on its results of operations and financial condition.

The Company derives its accounts receivable from revenue earned from customers located in the United States and internationally. Channel and retail partners account for the majority of the Company’s revenue and accounts receivable for all periods presented.


	Percentage of Revenue
	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Channel Partner (Apple)	53	%	53	%	49	%
Channel Partner (Google)	18	%	16	%	15	%
Retail Partner A	*		*		13	%

* Represents less than 10%


	Percentage of Gross Accounts Receivable
	As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Channel Partner (Apple)	*		50	%
Channel Partner (Google)	49	%	*
Data Partner A	11	%	*
Retail Partner A	17	%	17	%

* Represents less than 10%

Supplier Concentration

The Company currently outsources the manufacturing of its hardware devices to a sole contract manufacturer. Although there are a limited number of manufacturers, management believes that other suppliers could provide similar manufacturing services on comparable terms.

Research and Development Costs

The Company charges costs related to research and development which primarily consist of personnel-related costs for our engineering, product, and design teams, material costs of building and developing prototypes for new products, mobile app development and allocated overhead.

Sales and Marketing Costs

Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs, brand marketing costs, lead generation costs, sales incentives, sponsorships and amortization of acquired intangibles. Commissions to Channel Partners in connection with annual subscription sales of the Company’s mobile application on Channel Partner store platforms are considered to be incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer and are deferred and typically amortized over an estimated period of benefit of two to three years depending on the subscription type.

Advertising Expense

Advertising expenses are recorded in the period in which cost is incurred, and are presented within sales and marketing expense on the consolidated statements of operations. Advertising expense was $23.8 million, $28.6 million, and $17.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investment securities with remaining maturities at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include deposit and money market funds. Money market mutual funds are valued using quoted market prices and therefore are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

Restricted Cash

The restricted cash, noncurrent balance of $1.2 million as of December 31, 2024 primarily relates to the letters of credit issued on behalf of the Company for indebtedness to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business, and deposits for personnel contractors with the Company. The restricted cash, noncurrent balance of $1.7 million as of December 31, 2023 relates to the letters of credit issued on behalf of the Company for indebtedness to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company measures its financial assets at fair value each reporting period using a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

The three levels of Inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows:

Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.

Level 3 – Valuations based on unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology and including data about assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available under the circumstances.

The recorded carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, approximate fair value due to their short-term nature. Refer to Note 5, "Fair Value Measurements" for further details.

Property and Equipment, net

Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Equipment, computer software, furniture, and product manufacturing equipment, which includes construction-in-process that is capitalized and depreciated when placed into service, have estimated useful lives ranging from three to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful life or the term of the lease with expected renewals.

Costs of maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is reported in other income (expense), net in the period realized.

Internal Use Software

For development costs related to internal use software projects, including costs incurred in connection with the development of new features added to the Life360 app, the Company capitalizes costs incurred during the application development stage, which begins after the completion of the preliminary project phase and when it is probable that the project will be completed and used as intended. Capitalized costs include personnel and related expenses for employees and fees paid to third-party contractors and vendors directly involved in the development effort. The capitalization of costs stops once the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Internal use software is amortized to cost of subscription revenue on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, which is generally three years. The Company capitalized $4.7 million, $1.7 million and $0.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Capitalized costs are included within intangible assets, net on the consolidated balance sheet.

Lease Obligation

Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at commencement date. The interest rate implicit in the Company’s operating leases is not readily determinable, and therefore an incremental borrowing rate is estimated to determine the present value of future payments. The estimated incremental borrowing rate factors in a hypothetical interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms, payments, and economic environments. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets also include any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. ROU assets are assessed for impairment in accordance with ASC 360 whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. As of December 31, 2024, 2023, 2022, respectively, no impairment expense related to ROU assets have been recognized.

The operating lease agreement contains rent concession, rent escalation, and option to renew provisions. Rent concession and rent escalation provisions are considered in determining the straight-line single lease cost to be recorded over the lease term. Single lease cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term commencing on the date the Company has the right to use the leased property. The lease term includes the option to extend or terminate the lease. The Company generally uses the base, non-cancellable, lease term when recognizing the lease assets and liabilities, unless it is reasonably certain that the renewal option will be exercised.

In addition, the Company’s operating lease agreement contains tenant improvement allowances from its landlord. These allowances are accounted for as lease incentives and decrease the Company’s right-of-use asset and reduce single lease cost over the lease term. Refer to Note 7, "Balance Sheet Components" for additional lease disclosures.

Restructuring and Other Charges

Restructuring generally includes significant actions involving employee-related severance charges, facilities consolidation and contract termination costs. Employee-related severance charges are largely based upon substantive severance plans, while some are mandated requirements in certain foreign jurisdictions. Severance costs generally include severance payments, outplacement services, health insurance coverage and legal costs. These charges are reflected in the period when both the actions are probable, at the balance sheet date, and the amounts are reasonably estimable.

On January 12, 2023, the Company announced a workforce restructure which resulted in a reduction of the Company’s workforce of approximately 14%. The Company incurred $0.2 million and $4.0 million in non-recurring personnel and severance related expenses in connection with the restructuring during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 respectively. As of December 31, 2024, all expenses incurred had been paid.

The restructuring costs are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):


	Personnel and Severance Related Expenses
	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023
Cost of subscription revenue	$	—	$	64
Cost of hardware revenue	—		94
Research and development	—		1,824
Sales and marketing	—		872
General and administrative	153		1,170
Total	$	153	$	4,024

Business Combinations

The Company uses best estimates and assumptions to assign a fair value to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations as of the acquisition date. These estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, adjustments to the fair value of these tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed may be recorded, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill amounts are not amortized but are tested for impairment at least annually during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. The Company tests for goodwill impairment annually as of October 31 of each year. There was no impairment of goodwill during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Intangible Assets, net

Intangible assets, including acquired, trade names, customer relationships, acquired developed technology, and internal use software are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The Company determines the appropriate useful life of the Company’s intangible assets by measuring the expected cash flows of acquired assets. There was no impairment of intangible assets recorded during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company assesses the impairment of long-lived assets, such as property and equipment subject to depreciation and acquired intangibles subject to amortization, when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset.

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its single reporting unit below its carrying value. There was no impairment of long-lived assets recognized during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.

Deferred Revenue

Deferred revenue consists primarily of payments received and accounts receivable recorded in advance of revenue recognition under the Company’s subscription arrangements. The Company primarily invoices its customers for its subscription services arrangements in advance. Deferred revenue also includes balances related to future performance obligations for hardware and other revenue. Amounts anticipated to be recognized within one year of the balance sheet date are recorded as deferred revenue, current; the remaining portion is recorded as deferred revenue, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheets.

Investments

Investments relate to non-marketable equity securities held in privately held companies without readily determinable market values. Investments in non-public businesses that do not have readily determinable pricing, and for which the Company does not have control or does not exert significant influence, are carried at cost less impairments, if any, plus or minus changes in observable prices for those investments. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the carrying value of these investments are included as non-operating expenses on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss.

Data Revenue Partner Warrant

The Data Revenue Partner Warrant is a non-marketable equity security consisting of a warrant held to purchase shares of preferred stock of a Data Revenue Partner, refer to “Revenue Recognition” section above for additional information regarding the Company’s Data Revenue Partner. In September 2024, an observable price change related to our investment in the warrant held to purchase shares of preferred stock of a data revenue partner took place. This resulted in a $5.4 million increase in the investment asset value and a corresponding gain on fair value adjustment recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The carrying value of the Company’s investment in the Data Revenue Partner Warrant is included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the balance was $10.9 million and $5.5 million, respectively.

Related Party Simple Agreement for Future Equity (“SAFE”)

In December 2024, the Company entered into a SAFE with a related party and invested $5.0 million (“the Related Party SAFE”). For additional information, refer to Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions" below. Under the terms of the SAFE, the Company holds the right to receive equity at some later date and upon certain events. The carrying value of the Related Party SAFE Investment is included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2024, the balance was $5.0 million.

Related Party Warrant

The Related Party Warrant is a non-marketable equity security consisting of a warrant held to purchase shares of common stock of a related party. Refer to the “Revenue Recognition” section above and Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions" for further details. As of December 31, 2024, the carrying value of the Company’s investment in the Related Party Warrant is $3.9 million and is included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent on the consolidated balance sheet.

Common Stock Warrants

The Company has issued freestanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock in connection with certain debt financing transactions. The warrants are recorded as equity instruments at the grant date fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and are not subject to revaluation at each balance sheet date.

Stock-Based Compensation

The Company has an equity incentive plan under which various types of equity-based awards including, but not limited to, incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards, may be granted to employees, nonemployee directors, and nonemployee consultants.

For all equity awards granted to employees, nonemployees and directors, the Company recognizes compensation expense based on the grant-date estimated fair values. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. For restricted stock units and restricted stock awards, the fair value is based on the grant date fair value of the award. The Company recognizes compensation expense for stock option awards, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, generally three to four years. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur.

The Company has stock options and restricted stock units with performance-based vesting conditions outstanding. For awards that include a performance condition, if the performance condition is determined to be probable of being satisfied, the Company recognizes compensation expense related to such awards using the accelerated attribution method over the required performance period. If a performance condition is not probable of being met, no compensation cost is recognized. The Company issued performance-based restricted stock units with performance based vesting conditions during the year ended December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 13, "Equity Incentive Plan" for further details.

Foreign Currency

The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiary is the respective local currency. Translation adjustments arising from the use of a differing exchange rate from period to period are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within the consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations and were not material during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 or 2022. All assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate during the period.

Income Taxes

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. The Company estimates actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differences in accounting for reporting purposes and tax purposes for certain items, such as accruals and allowances not currently deductible for tax purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the Company’s balance sheets. In general, deferred tax assets represent future tax benefits to be received when certain expenses previously recognized in the Company’s statements of operations and comprehensive loss become deductible expenses under applicable income tax laws or when net operating loss or credit carryforwards are utilized. Accordingly, realization of the Company’s deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income against which these deductions, losses and credits can be utilized.

The Company must assess the likelihood that the Company’s deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and to the extent the Company believes that recovery is not likely, the Company establishes a valuation allowance. The assessment of whether a valuation allowance is required often requires significant judgment including current and historical operating results, the forecast of future taxable income and on-going prudent and feasible tax planning initiatives.

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. The Company did not accrue any interest or penalties related to income tax positions during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022. Refer to Note 10, "Commitments and Contingencies" for more details.

Net Loss Per Share

The Company computes basic and diluted net loss per share in conformity with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share.” Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period without consideration for potentially dilutive securities as they do not share in losses. Under the if-converted method, shares related to convertible notes, to the extent dilutive, are assumed to be converted into common stock at the beginning of the period. For purposes of this calculation, options to purchase common stock, common stock warrants, and unvested restricted stock units are considered common stock equivalents but have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share as the effect is antidilutive. Refer to Note 17, "Net Loss Per Share" for further details.

Equity Incentive Plan

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Equity Incentive Plan

13. Equity Incentive Plan

2011 Equity Incentive Plan

The Company’s 2011 Stock Plan was originally adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on July 27, 2011 and the Company’s stockholders on October 11, 2011, and most recently amended and restated, and adopted by the Board of Directors on March 10, 2020 and the Company’s stockholders on July 21, 2020 (as restated, the “Plan”). The Plan allows the Company to grant restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”), restricted stock and stock options to employees and consultants of the Company and any of the Company’s parent, subsidiaries, or affiliates, and to the members of the Board of Directors. Options granted under the Plan may be either incentive stock options or nonqualified stock options. Incentive stock options (“ISOs”), may be granted only to employees of the Company or any of the Company’s parent or subsidiaries (including officers and directors who are also employees). Nonqualified stock options (“NSOs”), may be granted to any person eligible for grants under the Plan.

The Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors determines the period over which options vest and become exercisable. Options issued under the Plan generally are exercisable for periods not to exceed ten years and generally vest over a 4-year period with 25% vesting after one year and the remainder vesting monthly thereafter in equal installments.

The Board of Directors or the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors also determines the term of options, provided the maximum term for ISOs granted to a 10% stockholder must be no longer than 5 years from date of grant and the maximum term for all other options must be no longer than 10 years from date of grant. If an option holder’s service terminates, options generally terminate 3 months from the date of termination except under certain circumstances such as death or disability.

The following summary of stock option activity for the periods presented is as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):


	Number of Shares Underlying Outstanding Options	Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share		Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in Years)	Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance as of December 31, 2023	6,625,812	$	6.57	4.68	$	59,957
Options granted	—	—
Options exercised	(758,101)	7.62
Options cancelled/forfeited	(193,764)	14.54
Balance as of December 31, 2024	5,673,947	6.16		3.89	199,239
Exercisable as of December 31, 2024	5,296,299	$	5.72	3.82	$	188,261

As of December 31, 2024, there was total unrecognized compensation cost for outstanding stock options of $2.1 million to be recognized over a period of approximately 1.1 years.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company had 23,588,338 shares reserved for issuance and 12,815,029 shares available for issuance under the Plan. There were no stock options granted during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023. Stock options granted during the year ended December 31, 2022 had a weighted average grant date fair value of $8.33.

The intrinsic values of outstanding, vested, and exercisable options were determined by multiplying the number of shares by the difference in exercise price of the options and the fair value of the common stock as of December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 of $41.27, $15.46, and $9.94 per share, respectively. The intrinsic value of the options exercised represents the difference between the exercise price and the fair market value on the date of exercise. The total intrinsic value of the options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $18.2 million, $7.7 million, and $4.1 million, respectively.

Performance-based Restricted Stock Units

The Company granted 115,403 PRSUs (“the Target Grant”) to certain executive officers during the year ended December 31, 2024. No PRSUs were granted to executive officers during the year ended December 31, 2023 or 2022. The number of PRSUs that may vest depends on the extent to which the performance goals for the award are achieved over a one-year performance period, as determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board, up to a maximum of 200% of the Target Grant. The performance goals for the PRSUs consist of the following two metrics, each with a weighting of 50%: (1) a revenue metric for the year ended December 31, 2024; and (2) an Adjusted EBITDA metric for the year ended December 31, 2024. Each of the metrics are within the Company’s published revenue and Adjusted EBITDA guidance described in the Company’s press release furnished within Exhibit 99.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 29, 2024.

The PRSU awards vest over a four-year period with 1/4th of the shares vesting after the first year and 1/16th of the shares vesting each quarter thereafter, subject to continuous service with the Company. The Company uses the grant date fair value of the common stock to measure compensation expense for PRSU awards. Compensation expense is recognized over the vesting period of the PRSU award using the graded-vesting attribution method and shares attained over target upon vesting will be recognized as awards granted in the period.

As of December 31, 2024, the performance goals for the PRSU awards have been achieved at 135% and only the service conditions remain. No PRSU shares have vested as of December 31, 2024, in accordance with the vesting schedule of the awards.

RSU, including PRSU, activity for the periods presented is as follows:


	Number of Shares	Weighted average grant date fair value
Balance as of December 31, 2023	6,182,543	$	12.67
RSUs & PRSUs granted	2,572,091	27.36
RSUs vested and settled	(3,195,162)	31.61
RSUs cancelled/forfeited	(467,871)	14.37
Balance as of December 31, 2024	5,091,601	$	19.22

As of December 31, 2024, there was unrecognized compensation cost for outstanding restricted stock awards, including PRSUs, of $86.6 million to be recognized over a period of approximately 2.8 years.

The number of RSUs vested and settled includes shares of common stock that the Company withheld on behalf of employees to satisfy the minimum statutory tax withholding requirements. RSUs and PRSUs granted during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 had a weighted average grant date fair value of $27.36, $13.15, and $12.13 per share, respectively. The total fair value of shares vested during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022 was $101.0 million, $39.2 million, and $12.0 million, respectively.

Stock Options Granted to Employees

The fair value of the employee stock options granted is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, based on the following assumptions:


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024	2023	2022

Expected terms (in years)	N/A	N/A	3.87
Expected volatility	N/A	N/A	65	%
Risk-free interest rate	N/A	N/A	2.22	%
Expected dividend rate	N/A	N/A	0	%

Fair Value of Common Stock: Since the listing of our CDIs on the ASX, the fair value of common stock is based on the closing price of our CDIs on the ASX as reported in Australian dollars, adjusted to reflect the CDI/per share of common stock ratio in effect, and translated to U.S. dollars based on the date of grant of our common stock.

Expected Term: The expected term for employees is based on the simplified method, as the Company’s stock options have the following characteristics: (i) granted at-the-money; (ii) exercisability is conditional upon service through the vesting date; (iii) termination of service prior to vesting results in forfeiture; (iv) limited exercise period following termination of service; and (v) options are non-transferable and non-hedgeable, or “plain vanilla” options, and the Company has limited history of exercise data. The expected term for non-employees is based on the remaining contractual term.

Expected Volatility: Since we have limited trading history of CDIs in 2022, interests in our common stock, the expected volatility is determined based on the historical stock volatilities of our comparable companies, and the Company’s trading data since listing on the ASX. Comparable companies consist of public companies in our industry, which are similar in size, stage of life cycle and financial leverage. As of 2024, expected term assumptions are all historical data for the Company’s common stock.

Risk-Free Interest Rate: The risk-free interest rate is based on U.S. Treasury constant maturity rates with remaining terms similar to the expected term of the options.

Expected Dividend Rate: The Company has never paid any dividends and does not plan to pay dividends in the foreseeable future, and, therefore, an expected dividend rate of zero is used in the valuation model.

Equity Awards Issued in Connection with Business Combinations

Tile, Inc.

In connection with the Tile Acquisition in January 2022, the Company issued 1,499,349 shares of retention RSUs with an aggregate fair value of $29.6 million. Of the 1,499,349 shares of retention restricted stock units, 787,446 shares valued at $15.6 million contained performance vesting criteria based on the achievement of certain company milestones during the three months ended March 31, 2022, and vest over a two year period. As of March 31, 2022, the vesting criteria had not been met and all 787,446 restricted stock units were forfeited. The remaining 711,903 retention restricted stock units vest over a two to four year period. As of December 31, 2024, there was $0.3 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to the retention restricted stock units which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average life of 1.0 year. As of December 31, 2023, there was $0.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related to the retention restricted stock units which is expected to be recognized over the remaining weighted average life of 1.9 years.

The Company also issued 38,730 vested common stock options to Tile employees as stock-based compensation on the acquisition date. The aggregate fair value of $0.4 million was recognized as compensation expense on the date of acquisition.

A total of 694,672 shares of common stock with an aggregate fair value of $13.7 million were issued to Tile shareholders as part of purchase consideration. All $13.7 million was included within purchase consideration.

A total of 1,561 shares of common stock with an aggregate fair value of $30.8 thousand were issued to a key employee, the vesting of which is subject to continued employment over a 30-month period. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, there was an immaterial amount of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested restricted stock units which is expected to be recognized over the remaining 0 years and 0.5 years, respectively.

A total of 84,524 shares of common stock were issued as part of consideration transferred and were placed in an indemnity escrow fund to be held for fifteen months after the acquisition date for general representations and warranties. The aggregate fair value of $1.7 million was included within purchase consideration. All 84,524 shares of common stock were released from escrow in April 2023 as scheduled.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation expense was allocated as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Cost of revenue
Subscription costs	$	730	$	651	$	684
Hardware costs	798		1,096		514
Other costs	4		43		237
Total cost of revenue	1,532		1,790		1,435
Research and development	25,457		22,015		19,431
Sales and marketing	3,344		3,059		3,834
General and administrative	11,936		11,648		9,980
Total stock-based compensation expense	$	42,269	$	38,512	$	34,680

There was $0.7 million of capitalized stock-based compensation costs during the year ended December 31, 2024. There was an immaterial amount of capitalized stock-based compensation costs during the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022.

Segment and Geographic Revenue (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Revenue by geographic region

The following table sets forth revenue by geographic region (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

North America	$	325,787	$	272,727	$	207,746
Europe, Middle East and Africa	27,322		19,159		12,044
Other international regions	18,375		12,632		8,515
Total revenue	$	371,484	$	304,518	$	228,305

Business Combinations - Identifiable Intangible Assets Acquired (Details) - Tile $ in Thousands	Jan. 05, 2022 USD ($)
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Fair value	$ 52,700
Developed technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Fair value	$ 18,400
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	5 years
Trade name
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Fair value	$ 20,000
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	10 years
Customer relationships
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Fair value	$ 14,300
Estimated Useful Life (in years)	8 years

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Restructuring Costs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 153	$ 4,024
Subscription
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 0	$ 64
Restructuring charges, location	Total cost of revenue	Total cost of revenue
Hardware
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 0	$ 94
Restructuring charges, location	Total cost of revenue	Total cost of revenue
Research and development
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 0	$ 1,824
Restructuring charges, location	Research and development	Research and development
Sales and marketing
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 0	$ 872
Restructuring charges, location	Sales and marketing	Sales and marketing
General and administrative
Restructuring Cost and Reserve [Line Items]
Restructuring charges	$ 153	$ 1,170
Restructuring charges, location	General and administrative	General and administrative

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References + Details

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	12 Months Ended
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)	Dec. 31, 2024
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	The consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States, or (“GAAP”), are presented in U.S. dollars unless otherwise stated, and include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries.
Consolidation	All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated.
Use of Estimates	Use of Estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amount of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Significant estimates made by management include, but are not limited to: •revenue recognition, including the determination of selling prices for distinct performance obligations sold in multiple-performance obligation arrangements, the period over which revenue is recognized for certain arrangements, and estimated delivery dates for orders with title transfer upon delivery; •allowance for credit losses, product returns; •promotional and marketing allowances; •inventory valuation; •average useful customer life; •valuation of stock-based awards; •achievement of performance-based restricted stock units (“PRSUs”); •legal contingencies; •impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill; •valuation of non-cash consideration, contingent consideration, convertible notes and embedded derivatives; •useful lives of long lived assets; and •income taxes including valuation allowances on deferred tax assets. The Company bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various assumptions that it believes are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ significantly from those estimates.
Recently adopted accounting pronouncements and Accounting pronouncements not yet adopted	Recently adopted accounting pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-07 – Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, which improves reportable segment disclosure requirements, primarily through enhanced disclosures about significant segment expenses. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. The adoption of this ASU did not change the way the Company evaluates its reportable segments and, as a result, did not have a material impact on the Company’s segment-related disclosures. Refer to Note 3, "Segment and Geographic Revenue" for additional information. Accounting pronouncements not yet adopted In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The ASU requires the disclosure of additional information related to certain costs and expenses, including amounts of inventory purchases, employee compensation, and depreciation and amortization included in each income statement line item. The ASU is effective for the Company beginning in fiscal year 2027 and interim periods beginning in fiscal year 2028, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). ASU 2023-09 requires disaggregated information about a reporting entity’s effective tax rate reconciliation as well as information on income taxes paid. The updates in this ASU are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company does not expect adoption of this ASU will have a material impact on its financial position or results of operations.
Revenue Recognition, Remaining Performance Obligations, Cost of Revenue and Deferred Revenue	Revenue Recognition The Company generates revenue from direct and indirect streams. Direct revenue includes subscription and hardware revenue, while indirect revenue consists of all other revenue sources, such as data and partnership, which includes advertising. The Company recognizes revenue upon transfer of control of promised goods or services to customers at transaction price, an amount that reflects the consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for those goods or services. Transaction price is calculated as the net selling price of variable consideration, which may include estimates for future returns and sales incentives related to current period revenue. The Company determines revenue recognition through the following steps: (i) identify the contract(s) with a customer; (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract; (iii) determine the transaction price; (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract; and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company only applies the five-step model to contracts when it is probable that the Company will collect the consideration it is entitled to in exchange for the goods or services it transfers to the customer. Subscription Revenue The Company’s subscription revenue is comprised of Life360 mobile application subscriptions and premium subscription service plans for hardware tracking devices. The Company’s subscription contracts with customers are established at the point of mobile application download and purchase as indicated through acceptance of the Company’s Terms of Use. The Company’s subscription agreements generally have monthly or annual contractual terms and are billed and paid in advance. The cloud-based subscriptions are considered single combined performance obligations, consisting of multiple features that can be purchased separately, but which are bundled together and delivered to the customer as a combined output. The Company provides its customers with technical support along with unspecified updates and upgrades to the platform on an if and when available basis. The premium subscription plan for hardware tracking devices is a distinct and separate performance obligation from the hardware. Subscription fees are fixed and recognized on a straight-line basis over the non-cancellable contractual term of the agreement, generally beginning on the date that the Company’s service is made available to the customer. The Company recognizes revenues on a straight-line basis because the customer receives and consumes the benefits of the service ratably throughout the contractual period. The Company’s contracts are generally non-cancelable and do not provide for refunds to customers in the event of cancellations. Hardware Revenue The Company’s hardware revenue consists of hardware and accessories, embedded software, customer support and unspecified upgrades and updates on a when and if-available basis, and includes amounts generated from a partnership with a related party, as described in Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions". The Company’s hardware and embedded operating system are considered one performance obligation as the embedded operation system is integral to the functionality of the hardware and only combined produce the essential functionality of the hardware. Revenue for the hardware and embedded software performance obligation is recognized when control is transferred to the customer. The allocated value of the unspecified updates and upgrades and customer support are recognized as hardware revenue ratably over the estimated economic life of the hardware. The Company offers certain rights of return and estimates return reserves based on historical experience, and the reserves are recorded as a reduction of revenue and an accrued liability. Amounts billed to customers for shipping and handling are classified as revenue, and the Company’s related shipping and handling costs incurred are classified as cost of revenue. Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to respective governmental authorities are recorded as liabilities and are not included in revenue. The customers are billed upon shipment of hardware tracking devices. The premium subscription service plans available for hardware tracking devices are separate and distinct from hardware performance obligations and are included in subscription revenue. Other Revenue The Company’s other revenue consists of data and partnership revenue, which includes advertising revenue. Data revenue is generated primarily through an arrangement with a key data partner that provides location-based analytics to customers in the retail and real estate sectors, municipalities, and other private and public organizations (“Data Partner”). In January 2022, Life360 announced a partnership agreement with a key Data Partner, a prominent provider of aggregated analytics for the retail ecosystem, in which executives of the Company have an immaterial ownership interest through a passive investment vehicle. This agreement was amended and restated in August 2024, and the term was extended for a period of five years. As part of this partnership, the Data Partner will provide data processing and analytics services to Life360 and will have the right to commercialize aggregated data related to place visits during the agreement term. The partnership agreement includes fixed and variable monthly revenue amounts, as well as quarterly minimum guarantees, for access to aggregated data for the duration of the five-year agreement. The Company has an obligation to provide aggregated user data over the term of the partnership agreement and recognizes revenue ratably over the performance period as data is delivered. In connection with the original agreement, the Data Partner issued the Company a warrant to purchase up to 5,100,167 shares of Series C Preferred Stock of the Data Partner (the “Data Revenue Partner Warrant”) at an exercise price of $4.90 per share. The Company estimates and includes variable consideration related to the Data Revenue Partner Warrant, in the transaction price at contract inception to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The partnership agreement has standard payment terms that require payment within 30 days. The grant of the Data Revenue Partner Warrant is considered non-cash consideration, which the Company measured at fair value on the date of issuance. The warrant was valued using a Black-Scholes option pricing model, and the fair value at issuance of approximately $5.4 million has been included as variable consideration in the transaction price of the data partnership agreement, and is included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent and deferred revenue on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the warrant included within deferred revenue is amortized to other revenue over the life of the agreement. Refer to the "Investments" section below for additional information regarding the Company's Data Revenue Partner Warrant. Data revenue was $26.6 million, $21.6 million, and $23.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Partnership revenue includes lead generation offerings and agreements with third parties that allow access to anonymized data insights or advertising on the Company’s mobile platform. Under these agreements, the Company may earn a percentage of the revenue generated from data insights or advertising spend. Revenue is recorded on a gross basis if the Company acts as the principal in the transaction, or a net basis if the Company acts as the agent. Generally, when the Company directly sells advertising on its mobile platform, revenue is recorded on a gross basis. Variable amounts earned from partnership revenue arrangements are allocated to the month in which the partner’s related revenue is generated or advertising is delivered. Partnership revenue also includes revenue related to the Company’s partnership with a related party. In November and December 2024, the Company entered into a strategic partnership and series of transactions with a related party, including a partnership and revenue share agreement (the “Related Party Agreement”). Refer to Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions" for additional information. The Related Party Agreement includes revenue-share payments in which the related party will pay the Company a percentage of revenues earned from leveraging the new global location-tracking network service offering. In connection with the Related Party Agreement, the related party issued the Company a warrant to purchase up to 6,147,574 shares of its common stock at an exercise price of $0.46 per share (the “Related Party Warrant”). The Company estimates and includes variable consideration related to the Related party Warrant, in the transaction price at contract inception to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. The Related Party Agreement has standard payment terms that require payment within 30 days. The grant of the Related Warrant is considered non-cash consideration, which the Company measured at fair value on the date of issuance. The warrant includes various performance-based vesting conditions based on revenue and operational milestones to be measured and assessed throughout the term of the agreement. No tranche of the Related Party Warrant has vested as of December 31, 2024. The warrant was valued using a Black Scholes option-pricing model, and the fair value of approximately $3.9 million has been included as consideration in the transaction price of the Related Party Agreement, and is also included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent and deferred revenue on the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The fair value of the warrant included within deferred revenue is amortized to other revenue over the life of the agreement. Partnership revenue was $9.4 million, $3.9 million, and $3.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, respectively. Performance Obligations Some of the Company’s contracts with customers contain multiple performance obligations, primarily hardware and subscription services for hardware tracking devices and hardware bundles (bundled Life360 subscription and hardware offerings). For these contracts, the Company accounts for individual performance obligations separately if they are distinct and distinct within the context of the contract. The transaction price is allocated to the separate performance obligations on a relative stand-alone selling price (“SSP”) basis with the amounts allocated to ongoing services deferred and recognized over a period of time and amounts allocated to hardware tracking devices recognized at a point-in time with a portion of the consideration being allocated to application usage (maintenance) and support. The Company determines SSP based on observable, if available, prices for those related goods and services when sold separately. When such observable prices are not available, the Company determines SSP based on multiple factors including consumer behaviors, the Company’s internal pricing model, and relative costs incurred plus a normal margin. The factors may vary depending on the facts and circumstances related to each performance obligation. Our hardware sales arrangements typically contain multiple performance obligations, consisting of the hardware sale, application usage, hardware support, and in some cases, premium subscriptions. The Company provides warranties of up to twelve months for products with manufacturing defects or hardware failures. As part of Tile Premium subscriptions, the Company offers warranties to end-users covering the contractual service period (up to 3 years) for products with manufacturing defects or hardware failures. The warranties are not sold separately and do not represent separate performance obligations. Payment terms and conditions vary by contract type and are billed either in advance or have a standard payment term generally requiring payment within 30 to 60 days. Therefore, such warranties are accounted for under ASC 460, Guarantees, and the estimated costs of warranty claims are generally accrued as cost of revenue in the period the related revenue is recorded. Variable Consideration The Company recognizes hardware revenue at the net sales price, which includes certain estimates for variable consideration with its customers. The Company’s variable consideration is primarily in the form of promotional agreements and marketing development fund agreements related to the hardware tracking devices. These agreements are designed to enhance the sale of the Company’s products and consist of incentives to the Company’s customers. The Company estimates variable consideration using the expected value method. All forms of variable consideration are recorded as contra-revenue and a corresponding liability in its consolidated balance sheets. These estimates are based on the Company’s incentive program experience, historical and projected sales data and current contractual terms. The remaining portion of this liability is based on contractual amounts and does not require estimation. Remaining Performance Obligations Remaining performance obligations represent the amount of contracted future revenue not yet recognized as the amounts relate to undelivered performance obligations, including both deferred revenue and non-cancelable contracted amounts that will be invoiced and recognized as revenue in future periods. Revenue allocated to remaining performance obligations was $213.9 million as of December 31, 2024, of which the Company expects 35% to be recognized over the next twelve months. Cost of Revenue Cost of subscription revenue primarily consists of expenses related to hosting the Company’s services and providing support to the Company’s free members and paying subscribers. These expenses include personnel-related costs associated with the Company’s cloud-based infrastructure and the Company’s customer support organization, third-party hosting fees, software and maintenance costs, outside services associated with the delivery of subscription services, amortization of acquired intangibles and allocated overhead, such as facilities, including rent, utilities, depreciation on equipment shared by all departments, credit card and transaction processing fees, and shared information technology costs. Personnel-related expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation for operations personnel. Cost of hardware revenue consists of product costs, including hardware production, contract manufacturers for production, shipping and handling, packaging, fulfillment, personnel-related expenses, manufacturing and equipment depreciation, warehousing, tariff costs, customer support costs, credit card and transaction processing fees, warranty replacement, and write-downs of excess and obsolete inventory. Personnel-related expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation for operations personnel. Cost of other revenue consists of cloud-based hosting costs, as well as costs of product operations functions and personnel-related costs associated with the Company’s data and advertising platforms. Personnel-related expenses include salaries, bonuses, benefits, and stock-based compensation for operations personnel. Deferred Revenue Deferred revenue consists primarily of payments received and accounts receivable recorded in advance of revenue recognition under the Company’s subscription arrangements. The Company primarily invoices its customers for its subscription services arrangements in advance. Deferred revenue also includes balances related to future performance obligations for hardware and other revenue. Amounts anticipated to be recognized within one year of the balance sheet date are recorded as deferred revenue, current; the remaining portion is recorded as deferred revenue, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheets.
Costs Capitalized to Obtain Contracts	Costs Capitalized to Obtain Contracts Costs capitalized to obtain contracts comprise of commission payments in connection with annual subscription sales of the Company’s mobile application through a third-party store platform. These costs that are incremental and directly related to new customer sales contracts are accrued and capitalized upon execution of a non-cancelable customer contract, and subsequently expensed over the estimated period of benefit, which is currently estimated to be two to three years. The Company has elected the practical expedient under ASC 340-40 to expense incremental costs of obtaining a contract if the amortization periods is one year or less.
Accounts Receivable and Allowances	Accounts Receivable and Allowances Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount, net of allowance for credit losses. The allowance for credit losses is based on the Company’s assessment of the collectibility of accounts by considering the age of each outstanding invoice, the collection history of each customer, and an evaluation of the current expected risk of credit loss based on current economic conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts of future economic conditions over the life of the receivable. The Company assesses collectibility by reviewing accounts receivable on an aggregated basis where similar characteristics exist and on an individual basis when specific customers with collectibility issues are identified.
Inventory and Contract Manufacturing	Inventory and Contract Manufacturing Inventory is comprised of raw materials and finished goods related to hardware tracking devices and accessories. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on a weighted average basis. The Company assesses the valuation of inventory and writes down the value for estimated excess and obsolete inventory based upon estimates of future demand and market conditions. The Company outsources a significant portion of its manufacturing to independent contract manufacturers in Asia. A significant portion of its cost of revenue consists of inventory purchased from these manufacturers. The Company’s inventory is held at third party warehouses and contract manufacturer premises. The Company’s manufacturers procure components and manufacture the Company’s products based on the demand forecasts provided. These forecasts are based on estimates of future demand for the Company’s products, which are in turn based on historical trends and an analysis from the Company’s sales and marketing organizations, adjusted for overall market conditions. Shipments of inventory from the contract manufacturer are recorded as finished goods inventory upon shipment when title and the significant risks and reward of ownership have passed to the Company.
Concentrations of Risk and Significant Customers, and Supplier Concentration	Concentrations of Risk and Significant Customers The Company’s business, operations, and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including adverse global economic conditions and competition in the Company’s industry that could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial conditions, results of operations and cash flows. These important factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results. Major Customers The Company’s customers primarily consist of individual consumers, who subscribe to the Company’s product offerings through our Channel Partners, data revenue customers and retail partners, who purchase hardware tracking devices from the Company and resell them directly to individual consumers. Any changes in customer preferences and trends or changes in terms of use of Channel Partners’ platforms could have an adverse impact on its results of operations and financial condition. The Company derives its accounts receivable from revenue earned from customers located in the United States and internationally. Channel and retail partners account for the majority of the Company’s revenue and accounts receivable for all periods presented. Supplier Concentration The Company currently outsources the manufacturing of its hardware devices to a sole contract manufacturer. Although there are a limited number of manufacturers, management believes that other suppliers could provide similar manufacturing services on comparable terms.
Research and Development Costs	Research and Development Costs The Company charges costs related to research and development which primarily consist of personnel-related costs for our engineering, product, and design teams, material costs of building and developing prototypes for new products, mobile app development and allocated overhead.
Sales and Marketing Costs	Sales and Marketing Costs Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of personnel-related costs, brand marketing costs, lead generation costs, sales incentives, sponsorships and amortization of acquired intangibles. Commissions to Channel Partners in connection with annual subscription sales of the Company’s mobile application on Channel Partner store platforms are considered to be incremental and recoverable costs of obtaining a contract with a customer and are deferred and typically amortized over an estimated period of benefit of two to three years depending on the subscription type.
Advertising Expense	Advertising Expense Advertising expenses are recorded in the period in which cost is incurred, and are presented within sales and marketing expense on the consolidated statements of operations.
Cash and Cash Equivalents	Cash and Cash Equivalents The Company considers all highly liquid investment securities with remaining maturities at the date of purchase of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include deposit and money market funds. Money market mutual funds are valued using quoted market prices and therefore are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.
Restricted Cash	Restricted Cash The restricted cash, noncurrent balance of $1.2 million as of December 31, 2024 primarily relates to the letters of credit issued on behalf of the Company for indebtedness to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business, and deposits for personnel contractors with the Company. The restricted cash, noncurrent balance of $1.7 million as of December 31, 2023 relates to the letters of credit issued on behalf of the Company for indebtedness to trade creditors incurred in the ordinary course of business.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments	Fair Value of Financial Instruments The Company measures its financial assets at fair value each reporting period using a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value. A financial instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels of Inputs that may be used to measure fair value are as follows: Level 1 – Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 – Observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 – Valuations based on unobservable inputs to the valuation methodology and including data about assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available under the circumstances. The recorded carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, prepaid expenses, accounts payable, and accounts receivable as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, approximate fair value due to their short-term nature.
Property and Equipment, net	Property and Equipment, net Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Equipment, computer software, furniture, and product manufacturing equipment, which includes construction-in-process that is capitalized and depreciated when placed into service, have estimated useful lives ranging from three to ten years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the lesser of the estimated useful life or the term of the lease with expected renewals. Costs of maintenance and repairs that do not improve or extend the lives of the respective assets are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the balance sheet and the resulting gain or loss is reported in other income (expense), net in the period realized.
Internal Use Software	Internal Use Software For development costs related to internal use software projects, including costs incurred in connection with the development of new features added to the Life360 app, the Company capitalizes costs incurred during the application development stage, which begins after the completion of the preliminary project phase and when it is probable that the project will be completed and used as intended. Capitalized costs include personnel and related expenses for employees and fees paid to third-party contractors and vendors directly involved in the development effort. The capitalization of costs stops once the software is substantially complete and ready for its intended use. Costs related to preliminary project activities and post implementation activities are expensed as incurred. Internal use software is amortized to cost of subscription revenue on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life, which is generally three years. The Company capitalized $4.7 million, $1.7 million and $0.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Capitalized costs are included within intangible assets, net on the consolidated balance sheet.
Lease Obligation	Lease Obligation Operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities are recognized at the present value of the future lease payments at commencement date. The interest rate implicit in the Company’s operating leases is not readily determinable, and therefore an incremental borrowing rate is estimated to determine the present value of future payments. The estimated incremental borrowing rate factors in a hypothetical interest rate on a collateralized basis with similar terms, payments, and economic environments. Operating lease right-of-use (“ROU”) assets also include any prepaid lease payments and lease incentives. ROU assets are assessed for impairment in accordance with ASC 360 whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. As of December 31, 2024, 2023, 2022, respectively, no impairment expense related to ROU assets have been recognized. The operating lease agreement contains rent concession, rent escalation, and option to renew provisions. Rent concession and rent escalation provisions are considered in determining the straight-line single lease cost to be recorded over the lease term. Single lease cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term commencing on the date the Company has the right to use the leased property. The lease term includes the option to extend or terminate the lease. The Company generally uses the base, non-cancellable, lease term when recognizing the lease assets and liabilities, unless it is reasonably certain that the renewal option will be exercised. In addition, the Company’s operating lease agreement contains tenant improvement allowances from its landlord. These allowances are accounted for as lease incentives and decrease the Company’s right-of-use asset and reduce single lease cost over the lease term.
Restructuring and Other Charges	Restructuring and Other Charges Restructuring generally includes significant actions involving employee-related severance charges, facilities consolidation and contract termination costs. Employee-related severance charges are largely based upon substantive severance plans, while some are mandated requirements in certain foreign jurisdictions. Severance costs generally include severance payments, outplacement services, health insurance coverage and legal costs. These charges are reflected in the period when both the actions are probable, at the balance sheet date, and the amounts are reasonably estimable.
Business Combinations	Business Combinations The Company uses best estimates and assumptions to assign a fair value to the tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business combinations as of the acquisition date. These estimates are inherently uncertain and subject to refinement. During the measurement period, which may be up to one year from the acquisition date, adjustments to the fair value of these tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed may be recorded, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the fair value of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
Goodwill	Goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price in a business combination over the fair value of net tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill amounts are not amortized but are tested for impairment at least annually during the fourth quarter, or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. The Company tests for goodwill impairment annually as of October 31 of each year.
Intangible Assets, net	Intangible Assets, net Intangible assets, including acquired, trade names, customer relationships, acquired developed technology, and internal use software are carried at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The Company determines the appropriate useful life of the Company’s intangible assets by measuring the expected cash flows of acquired assets.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets	Impairment of Long-Lived Assets The Company assesses the impairment of long-lived assets, such as property and equipment subject to depreciation and acquired intangibles subject to amortization, when events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairment at least annually, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances would more likely than not reduce the fair value of its single reporting unit below its carrying value.
Investments	Investments Investments relate to non-marketable equity securities held in privately held companies without readily determinable market values. Investments in non-public businesses that do not have readily determinable pricing, and for which the Company does not have control or does not exert significant influence, are carried at cost less impairments, if any, plus or minus changes in observable prices for those investments. Gains or losses resulting from changes in the carrying value of these investments are included as non-operating expenses on the Company’s consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss. Data Revenue Partner Warrant The Data Revenue Partner Warrant is a non-marketable equity security consisting of a warrant held to purchase shares of preferred stock of a Data Revenue Partner, refer to “Revenue Recognition” section above for additional information regarding the Company’s Data Revenue Partner. In September 2024, an observable price change related to our investment in the warrant held to purchase shares of preferred stock of a data revenue partner took place. This resulted in a $5.4 million increase in the investment asset value and a corresponding gain on fair value adjustment recorded in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income (loss). The carrying value of the Company’s investment in the Data Revenue Partner Warrant is included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the balance was $10.9 million and $5.5 million, respectively. Related Party Simple Agreement for Future Equity (“SAFE”) In December 2024, the Company entered into a SAFE with a related party and invested $5.0 million (“the Related Party SAFE”). For additional information, refer to Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions" below. Under the terms of the SAFE, the Company holds the right to receive equity at some later date and upon certain events. The carrying value of the Related Party SAFE Investment is included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent in the consolidated balance sheets. As of December 31, 2024, the balance was $5.0 million. Related Party Warrant The Related Party Warrant is a non-marketable equity security consisting of a warrant held to purchase shares of common stock of a related party. Refer to the “Revenue Recognition” section above and Note 15, "Related-Party Transactions" for further details. As of December 31, 2024, the carrying value of the Company’s investment in the Related Party Warrant is $3.9 million and is included in prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent on the consolidated balance sheet.
Common Stock Warrants	Common Stock Warrants The Company has issued freestanding warrants to purchase shares of common stock in connection with certain debt financing transactions. The warrants are recorded as equity instruments at the grant date fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and are not subject to revaluation at each balance sheet date.
Stock-Based Compensation	Stock-Based Compensation The Company has an equity incentive plan under which various types of equity-based awards including, but not limited to, incentive stock options, non-qualified stock options, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards, may be granted to employees, nonemployee directors, and nonemployee consultants. For all equity awards granted to employees, nonemployees and directors, the Company recognizes compensation expense based on the grant-date estimated fair values. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. For restricted stock units and restricted stock awards, the fair value is based on the grant date fair value of the award. The Company recognizes compensation expense for stock option awards, restricted stock units, and restricted stock awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, generally three to four years. Forfeitures are recorded as they occur. The Company has stock options and restricted stock units with performance-based vesting conditions outstanding. For awards that include a performance condition, if the performance condition is determined to be probable of being satisfied, the Company recognizes compensation expense related to such awards using the accelerated attribution method over the required performance period. If a performance condition is not probable of being met, no compensation cost is recognized. The Company issued performance-based restricted stock units with performance based vesting conditions during the year ended December 31, 2024.
Foreign Currency	Foreign Currency The functional currency of the Company’s foreign subsidiary is the respective local currency. Translation adjustments arising from the use of a differing exchange rate from period to period are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) within the consolidated statements of stockholders’ equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are included in other income (expense), net in the consolidated statements of operations and were not material during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 or 2022. All assets and liabilities denominated in a foreign currency are translated into U.S. dollars at the exchange rate on the balance sheet date. Revenue and expenses are translated at the average exchange rate during the period.
Income Taxes	Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method. The Company estimates actual current tax exposure together with assessing temporary differences resulting from differences in accounting for reporting purposes and tax purposes for certain items, such as accruals and allowances not currently deductible for tax purposes. These temporary differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities, which are included in the Company’s balance sheets. In general, deferred tax assets represent future tax benefits to be received when certain expenses previously recognized in the Company’s statements of operations and comprehensive loss become deductible expenses under applicable income tax laws or when net operating loss or credit carryforwards are utilized. Accordingly, realization of the Company’s deferred tax assets is dependent on future taxable income against which these deductions, losses and credits can be utilized. The Company must assess the likelihood that the Company’s deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income, and to the extent the Company believes that recovery is not likely, the Company establishes a valuation allowance. The assessment of whether a valuation allowance is required often requires significant judgment including current and historical operating results, the forecast of future taxable income and on-going prudent and feasible tax planning initiatives. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. The Company did not accrue any interest or penalties related to income tax positions during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.
Net Loss Per Share	Net Loss Per Share The Company computes basic and diluted net loss per share in conformity with ASC 260, “Earnings per Share.” Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period without consideration for potentially dilutive securities as they do not share in losses. Under the if-converted method, shares related to convertible notes, to the extent dilutive, are assumed to be converted into common stock at the beginning of the period. For purposes of this calculation, options to purchase common stock, common stock warrants, and unvested restricted stock units are considered common stock equivalents but have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share as the effect is antidilutive.

Common Stock - Narrative (Details) - shares		1 Months Ended
Common Stock - Narrative (Details) - shares	Jun. 06, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024
U.S. IPO
Class of Stock [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)	3,703,704	3,703,704

- Definition

Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.

+ References

+ Details

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss	$ (4,555,000)	$ (28,171,000)	$ (91,629,000)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	9,778,000	9,141,000	9,199,000
Amortization of costs capitalized to obtain contracts	1,268,000	2,125,000	2,928,000
Amortization of operating lease right-of-use asset	331,000	842,000	0
Stock-based compensation expense, net of amounts capitalized	42,269,000	38,512,000	34,680,000
Compensation expense in connection with revesting notes	0	73,000	(87,000)
Non-cash interest expense, net	59,000	462,000	474,000
Convertible notes fair value adjustment	608,000	684,000	(1,786,000)
Derivative liability fair value adjustment	1,707,000	116,000	(1,295,000)
Loss on settlement of convertible notes	440,000	0	0
Gain on settlement of derivative liability	(1,924,000)	0	0
(Gain)/loss on revaluation of contingent consideration	0	0	(5,279,000)
Gain on change in fair value of investment	(5,389,000)	0	0
Provision for credit losses	300,000	0	0
Non-cash revenue from investment	(1,040,000)	(1,608,000)	(1,504,000)
Inventory write-off	0	916,000	0
Adjustment in connection with membership benefit	0	(2,172,000)	0
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions:
Accounts receivable, net	(16,117,000)	(9,055,000)	6,474,000
Prepaid expenses and other assets	135,000	(6,667,000)	10,629,000
Inventory	(3,958,000)	5,811,000	(497,000)
Costs capitalized to obtain contracts, net	(1,571,000)	(1,905,000)	(3,343,000)
Accounts payable	(433,000)	(7,895,000)	(12,654,000)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	4,504,000	2,193,000	(7,722,000)
Deferred revenue	6,564,000	4,620,000	4,660,000
Other liabilities, noncurrent	(364,000)	(498,000)	(303,000)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	32,612,000	7,524,000	(57,055,000)
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired	0	0	(110,933,000)
Internal use software	(3,945,000)	(1,715,000)	(701,000)
Purchase of property and equipment	(1,187,000)	(506,000)	0
Related Party SAFE	(5,000,000)	0	0
Net cash used in investing activities	(10,132,000)	(2,221,000)	(111,634,000)
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Indemnity escrow payment in connection with an acquisition	0	(13,128,000)	0
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants, and restricted stock settlements	14,553,000	5,811,000	2,394,000
Taxes paid related to net settlement of equity awards	(33,995,000)	(14,033,000)	(4,077,000)
Proceeds from issuance of common stock in U.S. initial public offering, net of underwriting discounts and commissions	93,000,000	0	0
Payments of U.S. initial public offering issuance costs	(6,292,000)	0	0
Proceeds from repayment of notes due from affiliates	0	314,000	648,000
Repayment of convertible notes	0	(3,919,000)	(3,471,000)
Proceeds from capital raise, net of transaction costs	0	0	32,215,000
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities	67,266,000	(24,955,000)	27,709,000
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash	89,746,000	(19,652,000)	(140,980,000)
Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash at the Beginning of the Period	70,713,000	90,365,000	231,345,000
Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at the End of the Period	160,459,000	70,713,000	90,365,000
Supplemental disclosure:
Cash paid during the period for taxes	2,381,000	697,000	0
Cash paid during the period for interest	46,000	640,000	514,000
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Fair value of stock issued in connection with an acquisition	0	0	15,409,000
Fair value of warrants held as investment	0	0	5,474,000
Fair value of stock issued in settlement of contingent consideration	0	0	4,221,000
Right of use asset recognized in connection with lease modification	0	1,054,000	0
Operating lease liability recognized in connection with lease modification	0	1,054,000	0
Property and equipment included within accrued expenses and other current liabilities	112,000	0	0
Stock-based compensation included in internal use software	714,000	0	0
Related Party Warrant	3,898,000	0	0
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash
Cash and cash equivalents	159,238,000	68,964,000	75,444,000
Restricted cash, current	0	0	13,274,000
Restricted cash, noncurrent	1,221,000	1,749,000	1,647,000
Total cash and cash equivalents, and restricted cash	160,459,000	70,713,000	90,365,000
September 2021 Convertible Notes
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Conversion of convertible notes and accrued interest to common stock	3,548,000	0	0
July 2021 Convertible Notes
Non-cash investing and financing activities:
Conversion of convertible notes and accrued interest to common stock	$ 2,203,000	$ 0	$ 0

Income Taxes - Reconciliation of Effective Tax Rate (Details)	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Statutory federal income tax rate	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
State tax rate	43.00%	(3.00%)	0.00%
Research and development tax credits	103.00%	5.00%	0.00%
Stock-based compensation	273.00%	1.00%	(2.00%)
Fair value adjustment	(4.00%)	(1.00%)	2.00%
Permanent differences	(4.00%)	(1.00%)	(2.00%)
Officer Compensation	(102.00%)	(10.00%)	0.00%
Change in valuation allowance	(303.00%)	(14.00%)	(19.00%)
Stock issuance	(25.00%)	0.00%	0.00%
Effective tax rate	2.00%	(2.00%)	0.00%

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Accounts receivable, net	$ 57,997	$ 42,180
Common stock, par value (in usd per share)	$ 0.001	$ 0.001
Common stock, authorized (in shares)	500,000,000	100,000,000
Common stock, issued (in shares)	75,404,996	68,155,830
Common stock, outstanding (in shares)	75,404,996	68,155,830
Related Party
Accounts receivable, net	$ 55	$ 0

Commitments and Contingencies (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

Future non-cancellable contractual commitments

As of December 31, 2024, future non-cancellable commitments under these arrangements were as follows (in thousands):


	Amount
2025	29,894
2026	25,500
2027	26,000


Total purchase commitments	$	81,394

Balance Sheet Components (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

Accounts receivable, net

Accounts receivable, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Accounts receivable	$	58,391	$	42,274
Allowance for credit losses	(394)		(94)
Total accounts receivable, net	$	57,997	$	42,180

Inventory

Inventory consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Raw materials	$	24	$	298
Finished goods	8,033		3,801
Total inventory	$	8,057	$	4,099

Prepaid expenses and other assets

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Prepaid expenses	$	11,074	$	14,520
Other receivables	3,525		654
Total prepaid expenses and other current assets	$	14,599	$	15,174

Prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Prepaid expenses, noncurrent	$	1,849	$	1,374
Investments	19,762		5,474

Total prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent	$	21,611	$	6,848

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Computer equipment	$	297	$	297
Leasehold improvements	101		100
Production manufacturing equipment	2,026		839
Construction in progress	362		249
Furniture and fixtures	29		29
Total property and equipment, gross	2,815		1,514
Less: accumulated depreciation	(1,036)		(784)
Total property and equipment, net	$	1,779	$	730

Operating lease costs

Operating lease costs were as follows (in thousands):


	Year Ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022

Operating lease cost (1)	$	452	$	924	$	2,345

(1) Amounts include short-term leases, which are immaterial.

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases

Supplemental balance sheet information related to leases is as follows (in thousands, except lease term):


	As of December 31,		As of December 31,
	2024		2023
Operating lease right-of-use asset	$	683	$	1,014
Operating lease liability, current (included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities)	364		335
Operating lease liability, noncurrent (included in other liabilities, noncurrent)	359		723
Weighted-average remaining term for operating lease (in years)	1.9		2.9

Maturities of operating lease liabilities

Maturities of the Company’s operating lease liabilities as of December 31, 2024, were as follows (in thousands):


	Operating leases
2025	$	390
2026	367



Total future minimum lease payments	757
Less imputed interest	(34)
Total operating lease liability	$	723

Intangibles, net

Intangible assets, net consists of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2024
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Trade name	$	23,380	$	(7,100)	$	16,280
Technology	22,430		(13,677)		8,753
Customer relationships	15,290		(5,668)		9,622
Internal use software	7,076		(1,157)		5,919
Total	$	68,176	$	(27,602)	$	40,574


	As of December 31, 2023
	Gross		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Trade name	$	23,380	$	(4,762)	$	18,618
Technology	22,430		(9,191)		13,239
Customer relationships	15,290		(3,782)		11,508
Internal use software	2,416		(340)		2,076
Total	$	63,516	$	(18,075)	$	45,441

The weighted-average remaining useful lives of the Company’s acquired intangible assets are as follows:


	Weighted-Average Remaining Useful Life
	As of December 31,
	2024	2023

Trade name	7.0 years	8.0 years
Technology	1.9 years	2.9 years
Customer relationships	5.1 years	6.1 years
Internal use software	2.6 years	3.6 years

Estimated remaining amortization expense for intangible assets

As of December 31, 2024, estimated remaining amortization expense for intangible assets by fiscal year is as follows (in thousands):


	Amount


2025	$	10,670
2026	10,227
2027	5,511
2028	4,225
2029	4,225
Thereafter	4,779
Total future amortization expense	39,637
Internal use software not yet in service	937
Total future amortization expense	$	40,574

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

Accrued expenses and other liabilities consist of the following (in thousands):


	As of December 31,
	2024		2023

Accrued vendor expenses	$	13,856	$	10,020
Accrued compensation	3,834		3,349
Customer related promotions and discounts	9,761		9,049

Sales return reserves	2,817		3,285
Other current liabilities	1,747		1,835
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities	$	32,015	$	27,538

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Channel and Retail Partners Greater Than 10% (Details) - Customer concentration risk	12 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Revenue benchmark \| Channel Partner (Apple)
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	53.00%	53.00%	49.00%
Revenue benchmark \| Channel Partner (Google)
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	18.00%	16.00%	15.00%
Revenue benchmark \| Retail Partner A
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage			13.00%
Accounts receivable \| Channel Partner (Apple)
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage		50.00%
Accounts receivable \| Channel Partner (Google)
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	49.00%
Accounts receivable \| Retail Partner A
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	17.00%	17.00%
Accounts receivable \| Data Partner A
Concentration Risk [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	11.00%

Related-Party Transactions - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands			1 Months Ended	12 Months Ended
	Nov. 12, 2024	Jun. 06, 2024	Jun. 30, 2024	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Underwriting discounts and commissions				$ 6,292	$ 0	$ 0
Related party expenses				287,133	252,620	243,009
Related Party
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Technology exclusivity and revenue sharing agreement, term	5 years
Related party transaction				5,500
Related Party \| Consultancy Services with Cathona Capital
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Related party expenses				$ 0	0	100
Related Party \| Hardware
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Revenue, price calculation, percentage over cost of goods sold				12.50%
Revenues				$ 55	$ 0	$ 0
U.S. IPO
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)		3,703,704	3,703,704
Sale of stock, price (in usd per share)		$ 27.00
Proceeds before issuance costs		$ 93,000
Underwriting discounts and commissions		$ 7,000
U.S. IPO \| Selling Securityholders
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)		2,908,796
Over-Allotment Option
Related Party Transaction [Line Items]
Shares issued (in shares)		862,500

Fair Value Measurements (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Fair value and classification of instruments

The fair value of these instruments as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 are classified as follows (in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2024
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total

Assets:
Money market funds	$	133,959	$	—	$	—	$	133,959
Total assets	$	133,959	$	—	$	—	$	133,959
Liabilities:
Derivative liability (Note 9)	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Convertible notes (Note 8)	—		—		—		—
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


	As of December 31, 2023
	Level 1		Level 2		Level 3		Total
Assets:
Money market funds	$	41,981	$	—	$	—	$	41,981
Total assets	$	41,981	$	—	$	—	$	41,981
Liabilities:
Derivative liability (Note 9)	$	—	$	—	$	217	$	217
Convertible notes (Note 8)	—		—		3,449		3,449
Total liabilities	$	—	$	—	$	3,666	$	3,666

Change in fair value of convertible notes and contingent liability

The change in fair value of the Level 3 instruments were as follows (in thousands):


	As of December 31, 2024
	Derivative liability (Note 9)		Convertible notes (Note 8)

Fair value, beginning of the year	$	217	$	3,449

Changes in fair value	1,707		608

Settlement of September 2021 Convertible Notes upon conversion (Note 8)	—		(3,548)
Gain on settlement of September 2021 Convertible Notes (Note 8)	—		(509)
Gain on settlement of derivative liability (Note 9)	(1,924)		—
Fair value, end of period	$	—	$	—


	As of December 31, 2023
	Derivative liability (Note 9)		Convertible notes (Note 8)
Fair value, beginning of the year	$	101	$	6,938
Vesting of revesting notes	—		72
Changes in fair value	116		684
Forfeiture of revesting notes	—		(326)
Repayment of convertible notes (Note 8)	—		(3,919)

Fair value, end of period	$	217	$	3,449

Derivative Liability (Details) - USD ($)	12 Months Ended
Derivative Liability (Details) - USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]
Gain on settlement of derivative liability	$ 1,924,000	$ 0	$ 0
Derivative liability, noncurrent	$ 0	$ 217,000

Defined Contribution Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	12 Months Ended
Defined Contribution Plan (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	Dec. 31, 2024	Dec. 31, 2023
Retirement Benefits [Abstract]
Employer contributions	$ 1.2	$ 1.1

Business Combinations (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Business Combination, Asset Acquisition, and Joint Venture Formation [Abstract]

Assets acquired and liabilities assumed


	Fair Value
Cash	$	32,997
Restricted cash	1,050
Accounts receivable	27,826
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5,004
Inventory	8,320
Property and equipment	570
Prepaid expenses and other assets, noncurrent	482
Intangible assets	52,700
Goodwill	102,547
Accounts payable	(23,197)
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	(24,613)
Deferred revenue	(10,203)
Total acquisition consideration	$	173,483

Identifiable intangible assets acquired

The following table sets forth the components of identifiable intangible assets acquired and their estimated useful lives as of the date of acquisition:


	Fair Value (in thousands)		Estimated Useful Life (in years)
Developed technology	$	18,400	5
Trade name	20,000		10
Customer relationships	14,300		8
Total identified intangible assets	$	52,700

Segment and Geographic Revenue (Details) $ in Thousands	12 Months Ended
Segment and Geographic Revenue (Details) $ in Thousands	Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) segment	Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($)
Segment Reporting [Abstract]
Number of operating segments \| segment	1
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 371,484	$ 304,518	$ 228,305
North America
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	325,787	272,727	207,746
United States
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 318,600	$ 258,500	$ 205,200
United States \| Revenues \| Geographic concentration risk
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Concentration risk, percentage	86.00%	85.00%	90.00%
Europe, Middle East and Africa
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 27,322	$ 19,159	$ 12,044
Other international regions
Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]
Total revenue	$ 18,375	$ 12,632	$ 8,515